Materials Literature
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The reliability physics of low-k interconnect dielectrics is of great interest. Leakage, breakdown and TDDB data are presented for fluorinated silica, porous carbon-doped silica, and very porous carbon-doped silica. The breakdown and TDDB performance of the dielectrics are observed to degrade with the degree of porosi…
The amorphous aluminum silicate (Al2O3)2(SiO2) [AS2] is investigated by means of large scale molecular dynamics computer simulations. We consider fully equilibrated melts in the temperature range 6100 K> or =T> or =2300 K as well as glass configurations that were obtained from cooling runs from T=2300 to 300 K with a…
Optical heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE) experiments are used to study the orientational dynamics of the ionic organic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate (EMIM+NO3−) over time scales from ∼1 ps to ∼2 ns, and the temperatures range from 410 to 295 K. The temperatures cover the normal liquid sta…
The mesoscopic concept is applied to the description of microcracked brittle materials. The mesoscopic equations are solved in a special case when the microcracks are developing according to the Rice-Griffith evolution law. The evolution of the crack distribution function is investigated in case of simple loading cond…
A modification to real space polymeric self-consistent field theory algorithms that greatly improves the convergence properties is presented. The method is based on Anderson mixing [D. G. Anderson, J. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 12, 547 (1965)], and each iteration computed takes negligibly longer to perform than with other m…
The combination of large thickness (>3 µm), large-area uniformity (75 mm diameter), and high growth rate (up to 0.4 µm min −1 ) in assemblies of complex-shaped nanowires on lithographically defined patterns has been achieved for the first time. The nanoscale and the microscale have thus been blended together in sculpt…
The short- and intermediate-range orders of an amorphous Ge30Se70 alloy produced by mechanical alloying were studied by reverse Monte Carlo simulations of its x-ray total structure factor, Raman scattering, and differential scanning calorimetry. The simulations were used to compute the G(Ge-Ge) (RMC)(r), G(Ge-Se) (RMC…
Using the FDTD method, we investigate the electromagnetic propagation in two-dimensional photonic crystals, formed by parallel air cylinders in a dielectric medium. The corresponding frequency band structure is computed using the standard plane-wave expansion method. It is shown that within partial bandgaps, waves ten…
A microscopic model of the molecular magnet V15 is used to study mechanisms for the adiabatic change of the magnetization in time-dependent magnetic fields. Effects of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, the most plausible source for the energy-level repulsions that lead to adiabatic changes of the magnetization, a…
The energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES) at the oxygen $K$ edge in two ${\mathrm{AB}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ spinels $(A=\mathrm{Mg},$ $B=\mathrm{Al},$ Cr) is reported. In ${\mathrm{MgAl}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ the experimental data are successfully modelled within the local density approximation framework. In the cas…
Abstract This article describes the fundamental foaming mechanisms that governed the volume expansion behavior of extruded polypropylene (PP) foams. A careful analysis of extended experimental results indicated that the final volume expansion ratio of the extruded PP foams blown with butane was governed by either the…
This study evaluates the properties of superelastic Ni–Ti shape memory alloys under cyclic loading to assess their potential for applications in seismic resistant design and retrofit. Shape memory alloy wire and bars are tested to evaluate the effect of bar size and loading history on the strength, equivalent damping,…
We use the discrete dipole approximation to investigate the electromagnetic fields induced by optical excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances of silver nanoparticles, including monomers and dimers, with emphasis on what size, shape, and arrangement leads to the largest local electric field (E-field) enhance…
Thin films of zirconium-rich perovskites Pb1-3x/2 Lax Zr0.65 Ti0.35O3 (PLZT; x=0.095) were studied using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Is shown, that slow crystallization of the system is accompanied by partial reduction of lead oxides to a metal (Pb0) state. The same results were found in…
We have developed a simple and completely nonlithographic preparation technique for free-standing nanostructured metallic films with a close-packed hexagonal array of metallic nanoembossments, by utilizing electrochemically prepared textured aluminum sheets as a replication master in conjunction with electrochemical d…
A versatile synthetic process for anatase TiO 2 microplatelet arrays has been investigated by utilizing lattice mismatches between the overlayer and the template ((010) surface of α-MoO 3 ). Several controlling parameters, such as organic modifiers and reactant concentrations, have also been identified for the synthes…
A novel strategy for the preparation of thin hydrogel coatings on top of polymer bulk materials was elaborated for the example of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces layered with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). PVP layers were deposited on PET foils or SiO2 surfaces (silicon wafer or glass coverslips) precoated…
The infrared spectra of the crystal of transition metal complex molecules with extended-TTF ligands, Ni(tmdt)2, which is the first single-component molecular metal that has a stable metallic state even at low temperatures, exhibited an extremely low-energy electronic absorption around 2200 cm-1 (tmdt = trimethylenetet…
Thin films of calcium carbonate polymorphs were grown on natural and synthetic scaffolds in the presence of acidic polymers. Decalcified eggshell membrane and Nylon 66 fiber knits were used as 3D scaffolds, and acidic polymers such as polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid, and poly(acrylic acid) were used as control ma…
A novel method for imprinting porous silica particles with ordered and disordered structures in mesophase pitch particles is proposed. It is shown that the particle-imprinted carbons may possess ordered or disordered porous domains depending on the porous structure of the silica particles used in the imprinting proces…