Materials Literature
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Optical absorption associated with the one-dimensional joint density of states of an intersubband transition in bismuth nanowires is reported. The previously observed strong absorption in bismuth nanowires at ∼1000 cm−1 is here shown to depend on the wire diameter and on the polarization of the incident light. The abs…
Weak anchoring of liquid crystals on solid substrates is usually dominated by the surface memory. We show that the memory can be removed by surface passivation by silane molecules. We realize planar, azimuthally degenerated, and memory-free anchorings without pretilt.
Very short nanofibers containing only a few nanobells have been produced from nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes by two methods, H2 plasma treatment, followed by grinding and oxidation with acidified potassium permanganate. The length of these short nanofibers can be controlled to give a wide range of sizes. The shortest…
We dispersed crystalline Si into a colloid of ultrasmall nano particles (∼1 nm), and reconstituted it into microcrystallites films on device-quality Si. The film is excited by near-infrared femtosecond two-photon process in the range 765–835 nm, with incident average power in the range 15–70 mW, focused to ∼1 μm. We h…
We report a novel form of planar magnetic colloidal crystals formed by coated magnetic microspheres floating on a liquid meniscus. Under an external magnetic field, the balance between the repulsive magnetic interaction and the "attractive" interaction, due to the weight of the particles projected along the surface ta…
We present a detailed study of the geometry of the atomic clusters encountered in icosahedral F-type quasicrystals using the cell decomposition of the prototypic atomic surfaces introduced several years ago for modeling i-AlCuFe. This includes an exhaustive and quantitative characterization of the geometrical features…
We show the growth of epitaxial NiMnSb(001) thin films, a half-metallic ferromagnet, on GaAs(001) by molecular-beam epitaxy. The Sb content of the films strongly depends on the Sb flux. Sb-deficient films show a reduced magnetization and the formation of a Mn2As interface layer. Stoichiometric films exhibit the bulk l…
Dielectric properties of ceramic samples of (1−x)SrTiO3–xSrMg1/3Nb2/3O3 and (1−x)SrTiO3–xSrSc1/2Ta1/2O3 solid solutions were studied at x⩽15% and x⩽10%, respectively. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant were measured at frequencies between 10 Hz and 1 MHz and in a temperature range of 4.2–300 K. Re…
The medicinal plants used for the treatments of skin diseases and related problems in Northeastern India were reviewed based on the ethnobotanic reports. Of the 275 plant species examined, 224 species have been used for treatment of specific human ailments such as allergies, burns, cuts and wounds, inflammation, lepro…
We investigate the hydrodynamic interaction in suspensions of charged colloidal silica spheres. The volume fraction as well as the range of the electrostatic repulsion between the spheres is varied. Using a combination of dynamic x-ray scattering, cross-correlated dynamic light scattering, and small angle x-ray scatte…
We compare electrical and mechanical properties of C70 fullerene with high purity graphite to 48 GPa at room temperature using designer diamond anvils with embedded electrical microprobes. The electrical resistance of C70 shows a minimum at 20 GPa with transformation to an amorphous insulating phase complete above 35…
Critical behavior of the metal-insulator transition (MIT) coupled with spin/orbital correlations has been investigated for single crystals of La1-(x)Sr(x)VO3. In the paramagnetic (PM) metal phase (x > 0.260), the precursor to the MIT manifests itself as an enhancement of carrier effective mass. In the antiferromagneti…
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to generate an ensemble of saddles of the potential energy of a Lennard-Jones liquid. Classifying all extrema by their potential energy u and number of unstable directions k, a well-defined relation k(u) is revealed. The degree of instability of typical stationary points vanishe…
We numerically investigate the supercooled dynamics of two simple model liquids exploiting the partition of the multidimensional configuration space in basins of attraction of the stationary points (inherent saddles) of the potential energy surface. We find that the inherent saddle order and potential energy are well-…
We have calculated the crystal electric field of TmTe (T>T_Q) and have obtained that the ground state of a Tm 4f hole is the $Γ_7$ doublet in agreement with Mossbauer experiments. We study the quadrupole interactions arising from quantum transitions of 4f holes of Tm. An effective attraction is found at the L point of…
We present a new algorithm for quantum Monte Carlo simulation based on global updating with loops. While various theoretical predictions are confirmed in one dimension, we find, for S=1 systems on a square lattice with an antiferromagnetic biquadratic interaction, that the intermediate phase between the antiferromagne…
We conduct extensive molecular dynamics computer simulations of two models for liquid silica [the model of Woodcock, Angell and Cheeseman, J. Phys. Chem. 65, 1565 (1976); and that of van Beest, Kramer, and van Santen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1955 (1990)] to determine their thermodynamic properties at low temperature T ac…
The phase diagram of the organic superconductor kappa-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Cl has been accurately measured from 1H NMR and ac susceptibility techniques under helium gas pressure. The domains of stability of antiferromagnetic and superconducting orders in the pressure vs temperature plane have been determined. Both phases ov…
We review and compare electronic transport in different types of conducting polymer: conjugated organic polymers, the inorganic polymer polysulphur nitride, alkali-metal fulleride polymers, and carbon nanotubes. In each case, the transport properties show some unusual features compared to conventional metals. In conju…
Polarized micro-Raman spectroscopy has been performed on spatially separated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in the form of individual nanotubes or thin ropes of only a few SWNTs. Different from bulk samples, the Raman spectra are composed of well-resolved peaks which allow a direct comparison of experimental dat…