Materials Literature
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The effect of defect structure on the electrical conductivity for Eu-doped was studied in a reducing range of A defect model was derived and verified by computational simulation against both electrical conductivity data and Brouwer-type defect equilibria. At higher temperatures, part of the conductivity was due to oxy…
was deposited by electrochemical precipitation in hard waters of various compositions. In situ Raman spectra of were recorded during the formation of the nuclei. The distinction between the three polymorphs (calcite, vaterite, and aragonite) combined with electrochemical and quartz crystal microbalance measurements al…
The influence of the alkalinity of the support on the chemisorption of oxygen on Pt particles has been studied using Pt L3 and L2 X-ray absorption near edge data from Pt/Al2O3 doped with F or Rb. The O binding site is determined by using a procedure similar to that previously utilised for H chemisorption. The Pt L3 X-…
Since the first demonstration of organic photovoltaic devices much progress has been made. Organic solar cells reach now power conversion efficiencies of up to 3% over the solar spectrum. The morphology of the active film is very important for efficient devices. Films spin-coated from blend solutions phase separate. T…
The electrocatalytic activity of various adsorbed metallophthalocyanines (M-Pc) on vitreous carbon electrode for the oxidation of nitric oxide has been investigated in an aqueous phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.3). When comparing phthalocyanines of different metals, the influence of the nature of the metal on the acti…
A novel metallic monolith support was prepared by anodization, HWT (hot water treatment) and calcination. A commercial aluminum plate was anodized to form porous alumina films in the outer surfaces of the aluminum plate. In contrast to the anhydrous and amorphous alumina formed after anodization, the alumina in the an…
Gases and vapors of varying dimensions were used as probes to investigate the adsorption processes on MCM-41 and precipitated silica, prepared by the same method as for MCM-41, but without the template. The adsorption kinetics of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, n -nonane, and α-pinene were studied for different amounts of p…
Silica-based materials with hierarchical pore systems at three different length scales (small mesopores-large mesopores-macropores) have been prepared through a nanotectonic approach by using mesoporous nanoparticles as building blocks; the resulting materials present a highly accessible foam-like architecture and can…
The molecular structures of the basic copper phosphate minerals pseudomalachite, libethenite, and cornetite were studied using a combination of infrared emission spectroscopy, infrared absorption, and Raman spectroscopy. Infrared emission spectra of these minerals were obtained over the temperature range 100 to 1000°C…
To determine the effect of F ions on the structure of the molten alkali silicate systems, quenched Na2O-SiO2-NaF systems were investigated by Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. The systematic increase of 1100 cm−1 band intensity in the Raman spectra of the silicate melts accompanying the replacement…
Controlled growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been achieved by thermal chemical vapor deposition of acetylene gas over nanometer-sized cobalt particles. The well-aligned CNTs, which have a uniform diameter and high purity, are synthesized over cobalt nanoparticles distributed on substrates of large area. The alignm…
Corrosion of metal stents implanted inside an artery can have two adverse effects: (1) tissue reaction and possible toxic effects from the metal ions leaching out of the stent, and (2) loss of mechanical strength of the stent caused by corrosion. The corrosion resistance of Nitinol (Nickel-Titanium) stents and its mod…
The first examples of achiral bent-core molecules consisting of an azo linkage and five aromatic rings exhibiting bent-core mesophases are reported. They exhibit B1 and B2 phases as identified by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and electro-optical techniques. The B2 phase of t…
This completely revised and expanded new edition covers the full range of techniques now available for the investigation of materials structure and accurate quantitative determination of microstructural features within materials. It continues to provide the best introductory resource for understanding the interrelatio…
Oxygen absorption behavior of Ce2Zr2O7+x(0≤x≤1) with an ordered arrangement of Ce and Zr ions was studied by X-ray powder diffraction, electron diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. It is revealed that the oxygen absorption of Ce2Zr2O7 during heating in oxygen proceeds mainly through two reactions: (1) reaction…
Thin films of porous anodic aluminum oxide have been prepared on an electrically insulating support by the anodization of aluminum films sputtered onto glass slides. The resulting transparent aluminum oxide films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and variable angle ellipsometry. Subsequently, the film…
A comprehensive, multi-physics, multi-dimensional model has been developed to simulate solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The model fully couples electrochemical kinetics with multi-dimensional gas dynamics and multi-component transport of species. The developed model is a full cell model, including all components of SOF…
SBA-1 mesoporous silica has been synthesized in different crystal shapes from C18TMACl–sodium silicate–H2SO4–H2O at pH values between 1.0 and 2.0.
Ph3SnX reacts with L-lactide in the order X = NMe2 ∼ OMe ≫ OPri > OBut in the initial ring-opening event. The rate of ring-opening of methyl substituted 1,4-dioxane-2,5-diones decreases with methyl substitution and ring-opening of 3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione is not observed. From studies of the reaction…
A one-step surfactant assisted synthesis pathway was developed leading to novel hierarchical macro-meso- (or micro-)porous aluminosilicates made of an assembly of macrochannels with openings between 0.5 and 2.0 microm and wormhole-like amorphous walls with tunable pore sizes.