Materials Literature
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Heisenberg-like spins lying on the pseudosphere (a 2-dimensional infinite space with constant negative curvature) cannot give rise to stable soliton solutions. Only fractional solutions can be stabilized on this surface provided that at least a hole is incorporated. We also address the issue of `in-plane' vortices, in…
Various organic self-assembled systems such as low-molecular-weight gels and liquid crystals have been utilized as efficient hosts for in situ synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles using vitamin-C-based amphiphiles.
Many thermodynamic and dynamic properties of water display unusual behavior at low enough temperatures. In a recent study, Yan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 130604 (2005)] identified a spherically symmetric two-scale potential that displays many of the same anomalous properties as water. More specifically, for select p…
A hydrophobic to hydrophilic gradient surface was prepared using the tuned photodegradation of an alkylsilane self-assembled monolayer (SAM) using irradiation of vacuum ultraviolet light (wavelength=172 nm). The water contact angle on the photodegraded SAM surface was adjusted using the intensity and time photoirradia…
The aqueous-phase synthesis of icosahedral gold nanoparticles with controlled diameters ranging from 10 to 90 nm is reported. The nanoparticles were prepared by a seed-mediated growth approach. Citrate-capped 3.5 nm gold nanoparticles, prepared by reduction of HAuCl 4 with sodium borohydride, are used as seeds. Cetylt…
The electronic states of capped semi-infinite nanotubes are studied within the phenomenological gauge field-theory model. A single manifold for the description of both the nanotube and the cap region (considered as nearly a half of either Ih or I fullerene) is suggested. The wavefunctions and the density of states (Do…
We present a scheme for remotely addressing single nano-objects by means of near-field optical microscopy that makes only use of one of the most fundamental properties of electromagnetic radiation: its polarization. A medium containing optically active nano-objects is covered with a thin metallic film presenting sub-w…
we demonstrate a technology "Release and bond-back of layers (REBOLA)" that exploits the deterministic wrinkling of a semiconductor layer to create well-defined and versatile nanochannel networks. In linear networks, the periodicity of branch channels as a function of etch-width was analyzed and compared with theoreti…
A 1 $μ$m long, field emitting, (5,5) single-walled, carbon nanotube (SWCNT) closed with a fullerene cap, and a similar open nanotube with hydrogen-atom termination, have been simulated using the MNDO (Modified Neglect of Diatomic Overlap) quantum-mechanical method. Both contain about 80 000 atoms. It is found that fie…
A new crystal chemical method was used to calculate the sign and strength not only of the nearest-neighbor (NN)interactions, but also of the next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) ones in tetragonal compounds Zn2(VO)(PO4)2 (I),(VO)(H2PO4)2 (II), (VO)SiP2O8 (III), (VO)SO4 (IV), (VO)MoO4 (V), Li2(VO)SiO4 (VI) and Li2(VO)GeO4 (VII)…
We study the origin of the scaling behavior in frictionless granular media above the jamming transition by analyzing their linear response. The response to local forcing is non-self-averaging and fluctuates over a length scale that diverges at the jamming transition. The response to global forcing becomes increasingly…
A novel method for preparing a fully integrated nanotube composite material through the use of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) is presented in this study. The functionalization of MWNTs was performed via plasma treatment; subsequently, maleic anhydride (MA) was grafted onto the MWNTs (CNTs-MA). Na…
With good pricing, high strength, as well as corrosion resistance, stainless steel is a widely used and popular choice for many applications as a rust resistant material, however many types of corrosion attack stainless steel, such as pitting and crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, stress-corrosion cracking, h…
Our approach was to encapsulate the model protein ribonuclease A (RNase A) in mesoporous silica MCM-48 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 48) with glasslike wall structure and well-defined pores to create a confined hydrophilic microenvironment. The differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) method was employed to evaluat…
The most common representative of these biopolymers is poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). PHB constitutes a rather stiff and brittle material with a low extension to break [5-7]. These mechanical properties can be enormously enhanced by incorporation of different comonomers into the PHB matrix. This results in co-and terpo…
Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................ 180 Abbreviations and Basic Definitions............................................................................................ 180 References ....................................…
Defects in diamond are no longer just an interesting curiosity in a material used either for its hardness in mechanical applications or unsurpassed allure as a gem. Recent and continuing developments in diamond synthesis have focused attention towards the possible exploitation of the amazing combina...
Abstract Sputter depth profiling using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is influenced by the electron backscattering contribution to the AES intensity. When approaching an interface between two components having a different backscattering factor, the shape of the profile is characteristically distorted. This distorti…
Ab initio psuedopotential calculations have been performed for the electronic structure and lattice dynamics of ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}\mathrm{Sn}$. It is found that electronic states near the Fermi level show anomalous dispersion. In agreement with the experimental measurement by Pintschovius et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 54,…
Abstract Orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystals (AFLCs) having 45° tilt angle have been proposed to overcome the problem of reduced contrast usually exhibited by regular antiferroelectric displays. However, the pitch of the helix induced by chirality is customarily short in existing orthoconic materials, making…