Materials Literature
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1-Hexadecane-3-methylimidazolium bromide and 1-hexadecane-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bromide were used as new templates for the syntheses of periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) materials; using these new templates, ethane-bridged PMO materials were successfully synthesized and characterized under basic conditions.
Binary NaNbO3-ABO3 perovskite solid solutions belonging to the group II according to N.N. Krainik classification (Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Phys. 28, 643 (1964)) exhibit a relaxor-type behavior when the second component concentration exceeds a threshold value x0, corresponding to the abrupt decrease of the dielectric…
In the present work different parameters, which influence the release of diclofenac sodium (2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzeneacetic acid mono sodium salt) from lipophilic matrix prolonged release tablets, were investigated. Solubility characteristics of diclofenac sodium in aqueous media with various ionic strength…
Soils in Estonia are characterised by washing out, i.e. leaching, of calcium carbonates and magnesium carbonates. Calcium losses from the arable layer may amount 150-500 (600) kg ha -1 a year, resulting in excessive concentration of free hydrogen ions in the soil solution, and therefore these soils require liming. Rel…
Molecular selective adsorption of alkylphenols and alkylanilines onto n-alkyl grafted MCM-41 with different alkyl chain lengths and Al contents was studied. Octyl groups gave better adsorbent performance than pentyl and dodecyl groups. Nitrogen and water adsorption isotherms revealed that the octyl-grafted sample has…
Following recent studies which showed that the most stable structures for (ZnS)(n) clusters (n= 10-47) are the so-called "bubble clusters", in which all the atoms are three-coordinated, we have used simulated annealing techniques to find the most stable structure for a larger cluster, (ZnS)(60). We find an onion-like…
This study presents a rapid continuous process for grain refinement in metallic materials through severe plastic deformation (SPD). The principle is described and the process is applied to an Al-5056 alloy and an S45C carbon steel. The new process, designated in this study the severe torsion straining process (STSP),…
Di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a conventional plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC), was partially replaced by polymeric plasticizers. Three different elastomers such as nitrile rubber (NBR), carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) were used as polymeric plasticizers. Mechanical…
Vanadium dioxide films were deposited on glass from the APCVD reaction of VOCl3 and water at 650 °C. Introduction of a second precursor TiCl4 affected the growth morphology of the VO2 films but did not incorporate any detectable titanium. The films were characterised by XPS, XRD, Raman, EDAX and SEM. Interestingly the…
Linear arranged polypyrrole microcontainers have been assembled into one or two lines on patterned silicon micro-electrodes with line widths of 50 and 200 microm, respectively.
The aim of this study was to analyse the transfer of steam through different types of textile layers as a function of sample parameters such as thickness and permeability. In order to simulate the human body, a cylinder releasing defined amounts of moisture was also used. The influence of sweating on heat and mass tra…
This paper addresses the critical issue of scaling limits of local interconnects, contact plugs and local vias made of metal. It is shown that the current carrying capacity of copper vias/contacts fails to meet ITRS current density requirements beyond the 45 nm technology node. Additionally, the electrical properties…
Titanium tracer diffusivities were determined in donor doped SrTiO3 at temperatures between 1573 and 1673 K in synthetic air. La-doped SrTiO3 single crystals cut in the three crystal orientations (100), (110), and (111), were used. After annealing, the well known formation of SrO islands is observed. Their number and…
Bulk quantities of single-crystal Te microtubes have been synthesized by a simple physical evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the hollow prismatic morphology of the microtubes, which had diameters ranging from about 10 to several hundred micrometers and length up to several centimeters. X-…
Abstract In this article, the search for the elusive biaxial nematic phase (N B ) in liquid crystals is considered. The structure of the phase is described along with theoretical and computational work which suggests how it might be realised. An overview of the work of the Exeter group in this area is then given showi…
A novel V-shaped polyoxotungstate is formed when Ce(IV) metal centres bridge monolacunary [PW(11)O(39)](7-) anions to an unusual 1,4-bilacunary [PW(10)O(38)](11-) anion which appears with an unprecedented bridging structural motif.
The II-VI semiconductors are important optoelectronic, luminescent, and lasing materials. This paper presents a review on synthesis, structure, and growth mechanisms of one-dimensional nanostructures of ZnS, CdSe, ZnSe, CdS and CdO. The two most frequently received wurtzite structures of these materials are "nanobelts…
The influence of electrodeposited polypyrrole (Ppy) films on the corrosion behavior of aluminum and Al 2024-T3 alloy, particularly on the corrosion behavior of exposed metal in damaged areas of the film, has been investigated using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET). Two types of experiments are describ…
We demonstrate that the particle mediated interaction between a pendant water drop, covered by a latex particle monolayer, and a planar decane/water interface leads to bridging, analogous to flocculation in solid-stabilised emulsions. The results also provide information about the particle contact angle at the oil/wat…
The benefits of carrying out single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) experiments at low temperatures have long been recognised by the scientific community, as clearly demonstrated by the massive increase in publications reporting the use of low temperature SXRD in the past 15 years. This tutorial review will summarise…