Materials Literature
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We report on structural, magnetic, transport, and spin-polarization measurements of the Heusler alloys ${\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{MnSi}$ and NiMnSb. Laue diffraction patterns confirm the single-crystal nature of ${\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{MnSi}.$ Room-temperature transport measurements show a negative magnetoresistance…
We present a method of modeling transport coefficients from first-principles calculations. We introduce the transport distribution that contains all electronic information and from which transport coefficients can easily be calculated. We use this method to analyze ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{3}$ and calculate it…
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute lung toxicity of intratracheally instilled single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) in rats. The lungs of rats were instilled either with 1 or 5 mg/kg of the following control or particle types: (1) SWCNT, (2) quartz particles (positive control), (3) carbonyl iron particles…
Nanomaterials are part of an industrial revolution to develop lightweight but strong materials for a variety of purposes. Single-wall carbon nanotubes are an important member of this class of materials. They structurally resemble rolled-up graphite sheets, usually with one end capped; individually they are about 1 nm…
Air- and moisture-sensitive Fe(NO)(3)(eta(1)-PF(6)) (1) may be conveniently prepared by treating Fe(NO)(3)Cl with 1 equiv of [Ag][PF(6)] in CH(2)Cl(2) or by reacting [NO][PF(6)] with excess iron filings in MeNO(2). Complex 1 is thermally sensitive both as a solid and in solutions, and is best handled below -20 degrees…
We report a new method for introducing carboxylic groups onto the diamond surface. Hydrogenated diamond surfaces were treated in a solvent containing benzoyl peroxide and dicarboxylic acid. Surface characterization was performed by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. After the reaction, a C O…
Ferromagnetic rods containing thin sections of diamagnetic metal create intense magnetic field gradients that attract and confine magnetic nanoparticles to regions of space as small as 20 nm. The rods (80 nm diameter) comprised alternating sections of CoNi ( approximately 350 nm) and Au (20-160 nm) formed by electrode…
We report on cooling-rate dependent ferromagnetism in samarium octacyanotungstate, Sm(H 2 O) 5 [W(CN) 8 ]. X-ray single-crystal structural analysis showed that this compound consists of a two-dimensional cyano-bridged network, in which Sm(III) and W(V) ions are linked in alternating fashion. When the sample was slowly…
The synthesis of amphiphilic carbosilane dendrimers that contain perfluoroalkyl and hydroxy groups at terminal positions is explored in this work. Zeroth- and first-generation hydroxyallyl dendrimers were reacted with a heptadecafluorodecane hydrosilane to produce the new first- and second-generation derivatives in 58…
The effect of defects on TiO 2 (110) on the decomposition of DCOOD was investigated by temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPRS). Different concentrations of anion vacancy defects were created on the TiO 2 (110) surface by electron beam irradiation in order to minimize structural damage to the surface. For c…
Recent advances in polymer materials design seek to incorporate functionality, enhance existing properties, and reduce weight without compromising mechanical properties or processability. While much attention has been drawn to the development of organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposites modified with discrete siliceous…
Intra- and intermolecular interactions in bithiophene are investigated via the measured and calculated vibrational density of states for the polycrystalline material. There is strong intermolecular interaction that hardens vibrational coordinates with respect to the isolated molecule, especially the inter-ring torsion…
A new series of liquid crystalline diblock copolymers composed of a polystyrene and a polymethacrylate with an azobenzene moiety in the side chain were synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization and characterized by various techniques. Photoinduced birefringence of diblock copolymers and the azobenzene h…
To characterize the reorientations of molecular segments in polymer films treated by rubbing, which is critical information for understanding the effects of the rubbing process, the surface structures of rubbed, nanoscaled films of poly{ p -phenylene 3,6-bis[4-( n -octoxy)phenyloxy]pyromellitimide} (C8-PMDA-PDA PI), a…
We have found that for the lanthanum/lithium titanates and related materials with a perovskite-related structure, ABO 3, optimum lithium conductivity takes place for a particular concentration of A-cation vacancies (□) equal to 8%. We have prepared a new oxide with the highest lithium conductivity reported to date for…
We develop a perturbation theory to efficiently calculate derivatives of the free energy with respect to changes in the parameters of the unit cell in the self-consistent-field theory (SCFT) of block copolymer crystals, thus determining the state of mechanical stress in any nonequilibrium unit cell. By requiring that…
The cocrystallization behavior of poly(3-alkylthiophene)s (P3ATs) of varying regioregularity and alkyl chain length was explored via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) studies. For the regioregular samples both DSC and WAXS studies revealed that cocrystallization was limited…
A series of novel trifunctional and tetrafunctional trifluorovinyl aryl ether monomers and perfluorocyclobutane (PCFB) aromatic ether polymers have been synthesized and characterized. These PFCB polymers exhibit desirable properties for low loss optical waveguide applications. Monomers used in this study were prepared…
Herein the electrochemical polymerizations of thieno[3,4- b ]thiophene (T34bT) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and the electrochemical copolymerizations of T34bT and EDOT carried out in tetrabutylammonium perchlorate and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte are compared utilizing cyclic voltammetry…
Besides its capability to gelate various organic solvents, dicyclohexyl ammonium 4-chlorocinnamate 1 is shown to perform selective gelation of oil from oil/water mixtures. While the corresponding 3-chloro derivative 2 is an excellent gelator of nonpolar organic solvents, 2-chloro derivative 3 turned out to be a nongel…