Materials Literature
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Epitaxial thin films of relaxor ${\mathrm{PbMg}}_{1∕3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2∕3}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{PbSc}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and ferroelectric ${\mathrm{PbZr}}_{0.65}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.35}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, ${\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.955}{\mathrm{La}}_{0.045}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{0.65}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.35}{…
Combining time-dependent density functional calculations for electrons with molecular dynamics simulations for ions, we investigate the dynamics of excited carriers in a (3,3) carbon nanotube at different temperatures. Following an hnu=6.8 eV photoexcitation, the carrier decay is initially dominated by efficient coupl…
A new geometry for polyoxoniobates is observed in {Nb24O72H9}15−, the largest isopolyoxoniobate cluster anion known to date. Its structural evolution from isolated Lindqvist anions [Nb6O19]8− and the cyclic pyrochlore unit [Nb6O30] through to the complex dimer [({Nb24O72H9} {Cu(en)2(H2O)}2{Cu(en)2})2]18− is discussed.
Nondestructive readout by an excitation light with high fluorescence contrast has been achieved using red, green, and blue fluorescent dyes (see figure). Reversible thermoresponsive recording of fluorescent images (TRF) using a molecularly doped matrix made up of a fluorescent dye, a leuco dye, and a developer is repo…
Using density functional theory within the local spin density approximation, the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of $\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{Ru}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ are investigated. We examine the magnitude of the orthorhombic distortion in the ground state and also the effects of applying epitaxial constrain…
Electrochemical oxidation of the antiferromagnetically ordered SrCoO(2.5), with brownmillerite-type structure, to the cubic ferromagnet SrCoO(3), with perovskite structure, has been investigated in situ by neutron diffraction as well as by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy in specially designed elect…
ACT domains are found in a wide variety of proteins and in a variety of different arrangements. The majority of these bind amino acids that function to regulate some aspect of amino acid metabolism. Most ACT domain-containing proteins have been discovered in Bacteria and Archaea, indicating that the domain appeared ve…
We report on the thermoelectric properties of the Heusler-type ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{VAl}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}$ alloys with compositions $0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.20$. While ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}\mathrm{VAl}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(x=0)$ exhibits a semiconductorlike behavior in electric…
Abstract Iron archaeological artefacts were studied to understand long‐term corrosion by the atmosphere. Indeed, these samples collected on the construction elements of ancient monuments present ancient rust layers formed during their exposure over centuries to the indoor atmosphere. Thanks to Raman spectroscopy and t…
This first book to take a detailed look at one of the key focal points where nanotechnology and polymers meet provides both an introductory view for beginners as well as in-depth knowledge for specialists in the various research areas involved. It investigates all types of application for block copolymers: as tools fo…
Silicone nanofilaments (see figure) are grown by a simple chemical vapor deposition method on different substrate materials. The filaments are flexible, and have lengths of up to several micrometers and diameters of up to 150 nm. The dense and entangled arrangement of these filaments yields a superhydrophobic coating…
We examine some of the optical properties of a metamaterial consisting of thin layers of alternating metal and dielectric. We can model this material as a homogeneous effective medium with anisotropic dielectric permittivity. When the components of this permittivity have different signs, the behavior of the system bec…
A UV-light-emitting homojunction ZnO LED is grown by radiofrequency sputtering at high temperature, improving the structural, electrical, and optical properties of the n- and p-type ZnO layers. The figure shows a comparison of the electroluminescence spectra of A) a p–n homojunction ZnO LED and B) a ZnO LED with Mg0.1…
ZnO nanorod arrays were fabricated using a hydrothermal method. The nanorods were studied by scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved PL, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and positron annihilation spectroscopy before and after annealing in different environments and at different temperature…
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has been promoting R&D on the hydrogen production technology with a high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) with a view to contributing to the global warming issue and hydrogen energy society in the near future.
Recent improvements in thermoelectric (TE) materials have expanded the potential to use this technology to generate electricity from waste heat in a variety of applications. The performance of a TE generator improves when the temperature difference across the generator is as large as possible given the constraints ass…
Magnetoelectronic phase separation plays an integral part in many recent advances in the understanding of correlated electron systems. We have studied the magnetically phase separated material ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and observe unambiguous evidence of magnetic in…
Self-consistent field theory (SCFT) has been used to calculate the Helfrich bending elastic constants for monolayers of AB diblock copolymers at interfaces between immiscible A and B homopolymer liquids. We focus on the properties of saturated monolayers, with vanishing interfacial tension, considering both symmetric…
The optical and redox properties of a new family of thiophene−phenylene-based molecules are reported. The monomers 1,4-bis[2-(3,3-dimethyl-(3,4-propylenedioxy)thienyl]-2,5-didodecyloxybenzene (BProDOT-Me 2 -B(OC 12 H 25 ) 2 ) and 1,4-bis[2-(3,3-dihexyl-(3,4-propylenedioxy)thienyl]-2,5-didodecyloxybenzene (BProDOT-Hex…
In this study we use a new topological structure measure to analyze the local environment of 923 atom gold clusters quenched from the melt, at various quench rates, by molecular dynamics. The crystallization and geometrical rearrangements of the core atoms upon freezing can be clearly observed using our structure meas…