Materials Literature
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Mass attenuation coefficients of some shielding materials, namely, Bakelite, black cement, white cement, plaster of paris, and concrete were determined at 356-, 511-, 662-, 1173-, and 1332-keV energies, and those of glasses containing oxides of B, Cd, Pb, and Bi were determined only at 662 keV using a narrow beam tran…
Ceramic oxygen generators (COGs) based on stabilized zirconia electrolytes are being developed for oxygen generation from air and other gases, e.g., carbon dioxide. In zirconia‐based COG cells, it is desirable to use thin‐film electrolytes to minimize ohmic resistance losses, thus permitting reduced operating temperat…
Superplastic tensile ductility in Al 2 O 3 –10 vol% ZrO 2 (3 mol% Y 2 O 3 ) exhibits processing dependence when the grain size is reduced to 0.45 μm for a given relative density of ∼99.5%. The reduced grain size leads to largely enhanced ductility in a material prepared by colloidal processing, but does not in a mater…
Electrorefining of unirradiated metal alloy fuel, U-20Pu-10Zr (% by weight), was carried out in an Ar atmosphere cell to obtain a basic knowledge of spent fuel treatment. Before electrorefining, the Pu ion concentration in LiCl-KCl electrolyte was adjusted to 4 wt.% using pure Pu metal and CdCl2. Cylindrical alloy fue…
A review concerning general characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA) and methods of its synthesis using renewable vegetable resources. Methods of PLA synthesis either by lactid acid polycondensation or by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide have been presented. For ROP method the polymerization mechanisms (ca…
The fracture toughness of semibrittle materials such as bcc transition metals or semiconductor crystals strongly depends on loading rate and temperature. If crack-tip plasticity is considered to be thermally activated, a strong correlation between these quantities is expected. An Arrhenius-like scaling relation betwee…
Abstract A thermodynamic description of the ternary system Co–Nb–Ta is obtained by combining the descriptions of the lower-order systems according to the CALPHAD method. The thermodynamic data set for the binary Co–Nb system is taken from [1], where a new thermodynamic model for the μ-phase was introduced. The μ-phase…
The domain structure and its switching mechanism are studied on various cleaved facets of single crystals of SBN solid solutions.
Mutant AT268 of Azotobacter vinelandii - showing diminished production of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) due to a mutation in phbR (the gene coding for the transcriptional activator of the phbBAC biosynthetic operon); mutant CNT26, containing a mutation (muc26) that increases the transcription of gene algD (encoding…
In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, iron homeostasis is regulated at the transcriptional level by the negative-acting GATA factor SREA. In this study the expression of a putative heme-containing metalloreductase-encoding gene, freA, was found to be upregulated by iron limitation independently of SREA, demo…
Cerium oxides are used as surrogates for plutonium oxides because of the similarities in their thermodynamic properties. In this study, the stability limits of both CeGaO 3 and PuGaO 3 with respect to the partial pressure of oxygen and temperature have been predicted by theoretical calculations. Using the results of t…
Nuclear gamma-resonance (NGR) spectra were studied in ceramics of ternary perovskite-type oxides Pb(Fe 2/3 W 1/3 )O 3 , Pb(Fe 1/2 Ta 1/2 )O 3 , and Pb(Fe 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 and in the Pb(Fe 1/2 Sb 1/2 )O 3 oxide synthesized under pressure. A singlet corresponding to compositional-ordering regions was observed in the NGR…
Sr 2− x Ca x NaNb 5 O 15 (SCNN, x = 0.1) piezoelectric ceramics with tetragonal tungsten bonze structure were successfully produced by spark plasma sintering. Part I of this study presented the sintering of these highly dense ceramics. The current work investigates their electrical (dielectric, ferroelectric, and piez…
We report on the optical spectroscopy of the silica sol–gel glass doped with chromium of various valences where Cr 6+ and Cr 5+ ions appear to be most active. The presence of the Cr 5+ ions in six-fold coordination is seen in the luminescence spectra and decays whereas the Cr 6+ ions in four-fold coordination are most…
Abstract Rheological properties, morphology, and oil resistance in natural rubber (NR)/nitrile rubber (NBR) blends were investigated as functions of blending conditions and viscosity ratios of the blends. As for the blending condition effects, Mooney viscosity of the blends depended more strongly on blending time than…
We report on the photoresponse behavior of n-ZnO/p-Si photodiodes. Semiconducting n-ZnO films have been deposited on p-Si substrates at 480 °C using various Ar/O2 ratios, 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1, to fabricate n-ZnO/p-Si photodiodes. As a laser of 670 nm wavelength illuminated the photodiodes, a maximum responsivity of 0.286…
ABSTRACT: The effects of plasticizers on the mechanical properties and glass transitions of a meat‐starch extruded system were studied. Mixtures of meat and potato granules (1.48:1) and up to 4% glycerol and propylene glycol, respectively, were extruded and equilibrated at different relative humidities. Storage moduli…
Abstract This article presents a brief review concerning the production of conductive polymer blends and composites which combine conducting and insulating polymers. Different strategies for preparing these mixtures are examined, with emphasis on several properties of the final mixtures, such as: electronic conductivi…
In this second of a series of three papers, the authors investigate partial discharge (PD) detection and propagation in cable joints. The complex nature of cable joints leads to errors when PD analysis is carried out using conventional equivalent circuits. The authors use the finite difference time domain method to de…
Modifications to a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a commercially available heating stage permits in situ imaging at temperatures as high as 1450 degrees C. Here we report on the technical modifications necessary to allow such high-temperature in situ imaging. In addition, in order to underline the potential of…