Materials Literature
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Abstract The present paper discloses the changes in the nanostructure as revealed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) of synchrotron radiation of anisotropic semi‐crystalline samples of polyester and poly(ether ester) type differing in their chemical composition, while subjected to controlled progressive elongation…
We report the observation of a transition from the antiferroelectric B2 phase to a ferroelectric phase in a liquid crystal composed of achiral bent-core (banana-shaped) molecules. The transition is induced by an electric field of magnitude larger than the switching threshold and is not reversible, i.e., the original B…
Different ash-forming biological materials such as gills of mushrooms, cotton wool, silk fiber, spider silk, dog's hair, and human hair were examined as templates to fabricate small structures. Ashes obtained from gills of mushrooms, silk fiber, and spider silk were miniaturized replicas of the original materials, whe…
The morphology, structure, and reactivity of vanadium oxide-decorated Pd(111) surfaces, which have been subjected to oxidation and reduction treatments, have been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spe…
CaCu 2.5 Mn 4.5 O 12 perovskite has been prepared in polycrystalline form under moderate pressure conditions of 20 kbar, in the presence of KClO 4 as oxidizing agent. This material has been studied by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction (NPD), magnetic, magnetotransport, and thermopower measurements. The crystal stru…
Titandioxid/Polymer-Kapseln und hohle Titankugeln werden unter Verwendung von Gel-Templaten aus sulfoniertem Polystyrol mit Kern-Schale-Struktur hergestellt. Die Dicke der Titanschale und das Hohlraumvolumen lassen sich über den gesamten Partikelgrößenbereich steuern. Durch Anlegen eines elektrischen Feldes während de…
Order from disorder: Highly ordered nanocrystal super-lattices accommodating identical tin particles spontaneously crystallize from a dispersion displaying no order. Two structure types were identified, a noncompact one displaying uniform orientations of the particles atomic planes, and an unprecedented one containing…
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) catalyzed using a few nm thick Ni layer supported by a thin Al underlayer is reported. Analysis by transmission electron microscopy shows the SWNTs having a diameter distribution between 1.5 and 2.8 nm. The effect of the Ni/Al bilayer film thick…
Different types of immobilized free radicals as well as immobilized paramagnetic gadolinium(III) complexes were synthesized and used as relaxation agents to shorten the spin−lattice relaxation times T 1 of analytes in quantitative continuous-flow 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The immobilized para…
During directional solidification of a binary alloy, the solid–liquid interface exhibits a variety of patterns that are due to the Mullins–Sekerka instability and governed by the growth conditions. It is well known that properties of the grown material are largely controlled by the microstructures left in the solid du…
A discrete phenomenological model of antiferroelectric liquid crystals is used to study the structures and phase transitions in bulk samples and thin films. An important ingredient of our investigations is minimization of the free energy with respect to the phase and modulus of the order parameter. A simple version of…
Abstract We have synthesized polyethoxysiloxanes starting from the AB 3 ‐type monomers triethoxysilanol and acetoxytriethoxysilane. The polymers are liquid and soluble in organic solvents. 29 Si NMR spectroscopy and MALDI‐ToF mass spectrometry analyses show that the polymers have a hyperbranched structure with additio…
The photomagnetic properties of CoFe Prussian blue analogues arise from a photoinduced Co III (LS)−Fe II (LS) → Co II (HS)−Fe III (LS) [LS = low spin, HS = high spin] electron transfer accompanied by a spin state change of the cobalt and a significant expansion of the cobalt coordination sphere. The local bond-lengthe…
Zinc(II) phthalocyanines 4 and 5 decorated with six optically active alkyl chains and one chial diol were synthesized from two phthalonitriles using mixed tetramerization reactions. The self-organizing properties of these complexes and related compounds 3, 6, and 7 in CHCl 3 solution and thin film were studies by UV−v…
Abstract The crystallization behavior of pure nylon 6 (N6) and its nanocomposite with montmorillonite has been studied in detail. The crystallization rate of N6 is faster in the presence of clay compared to pure N6, as revealed by light scattering experiments. Nylon 6 crystallizes exclusively in the γ ‐form in the nan…
We study the stress response to a steady imposed shear rate in a concentrated suspension of colloidal particles. We show that, in a small range of concentrations and shear rates, stress exhibits giant fluctuations. The amplitude of these fluctuations obeys a power-law behavior, up to the apparition of a new branch of…
Abstract The theory of size effects in nanocrystalline ferroelectric ceramics or nanoparticle powders allowing for surface tension and depolarization field is proposed. Surface tension was included in the free energy functional and extrapolation length was expressed via surface tension coefficient. The latter was show…
The photochemistry, electrochemistry, and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of five boron-based laser dyes (BODIPY, PM 546, PM 567, PM 580, PM 597) have been investigated. These show high fluorescence quantum yields (Φ > 0.85) for all dyes except PM 597 (Φ ≈ 0.41), because of the high degree of substitution and…
We study the morphological evolution of surfaces during ion sputtering and we compare their dynamical roughening with aeolian ripple formation in sandy deserts. We show that the two phenomena can be described within the same theoretical framework. This approach explains the different dynamical behaviors experimentally…
The local atomic order of an amorphous Ga$_{50}$Se$_{50}$ alloy produced by Mechanical Alloying (MA) was studied by the Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques and by Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulations of its total x-ray structure factor. The coordination numbers and…