Materials Literature
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Nanostructured La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3−δ (LSCF) oxide powder was synthesized by a facile autocombustion process based on a modified glycine‐nitrate process (GNP) using cellulose fiber as micro‐reactor. As compared with the normal GNP, this novel process allows the combustion to proceed in a much more environme…
Negative thermal expansion material of yttrium molybdate has been synthesized by rapid solidification with a CO 2 laser. It crystallized in the orthorhombic phase with unique microstructures consisting of nanoparticles or nanodendrites with grain sizes around 20−30 nm. Raman spectroscopic and XRD analyses reveal that…
Abstract A novel efficient and eco‐friendly nanocrystalline ZnO catalyst was used for the Knoevenagel condensation and for the reduction of CC double bonds at room temperature in the absence of solvents.
Going out on a limb: A combination of theoretical techniques, high-resolution microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy shows the role sulfur plays in branching phenomena during carbon nanotube (CNT) network growth. A model is proposed in which small amounts of sulfur are enough to trigger the growth of a b…
The effects of sintering temperature and dwell time on the magnetostrictive properties of polycrystalline cobalt ferrite synthesized by the conventional ceramic method have been investigated. The present study showed that the magnitude of magnetostriction strongly depends on the microstructure of the final sintered pr…
There are a variety of test methods in use to measure the ability of fabrics to transport water vapor. They vary with respect to construction mechanisms, test conditions, and measurement parameters. Five testing instruments plus a new test apparatus were employed to evaluate the water vapor transport properties of fab…
Abstract Vaterite and aragonite polymorphs in freshwater cultured pearls from mussels of the genus Hyriopsis (Unionidae) were structurally and compositionally characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Micro computer tomography, high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and la…
The electron emission and charge characteristics of a large number of massive insulators are investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. It is demonstrated that irradiation of insulators with a medium-energy continuous electron beam leads to a decrease in the equilibrium energy of incident electrons (the second cri…
The enhanced magneto-optical properties of nanoscaled lanthanide chalogenide semiconductors which have a wide energy gap were observed at around 500 nm for the first time. The nanoscaled semiconductors, Eu(1-x)Se nanoparticles 1 (cubic shapes) and 2 (spherical shapes), were synthesized by the thermal reduction of Eu(I…
Magnetic properties and stability of L21 and B2 phases in the Co2MnAl Heusler alloy were investigated. It was confirmed that the order-disorder transition from the B2 to L21 phase is located at about 950K and that the Curie temperature TC of the L21 phase is 726K which is about 50K higher than that (TC=677K) of the B2…
The first principles calculations within generalized gradient approximation have been used to determine the structural, electronic, and optical properties of three chemically ordered ferroelectric KTa1/2Nb1/2O3 phases, with B site cations ordered along the [100], [110], and [111] directions. Stable ferroelectric groun…
Barium strontium titanate (BST) has been targeted as one potential ferroelectric glass–ceramic for high‐energy density dielectric materials. Previous testing has shown that the dielectric constant of these materials was as high as 1000 and the dielectric breakdown strength up to 800 kV/cm. This did not, however, resul…
Mobilization of calcium during the molt cycle from the cuticle to transient calcium deposits is widely spread in crustaceans. The dynamics of calcium transport to transient calcium deposits called gastroliths and to the cuticle over the course of the molt cycle were studied in the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. In t…
Abstract Soils are the dominant terrestrial sink for carbon, containing three times as much C as above-ground plant biomass, and acting as a host for both organic and inorganic C, as soil organic matter and pedogenic carbonates, respectively. This article reviews evidence for the generation within the soil solution of…
Partial discharge (PD) measurement allows detection of insulation defects in various electric power apparatus before an insulation failure occurs. It can also improve the reliability of the insulation performance of apparatus, and support rational and economical design, lifetime prediction, and nondestructive inspecti…
A new safe corrosion inhibitor namely N-(5,6-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)-guanidine (NTG) has been synthesized and its inhibitive performance towards the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.5 M sulphuric acid has been investigated. Corrosion inhibition was studied by chemical method (we…
The mechanism of formation of recently fabricated CdS-Ag(2)S nanorod superlattices is considered and their elastic properties are predicted theoretically based on experimental structural data. We consider different possible mechanisms for the spontaneous ordering observed in these 1D nanostructures, such as diffusion-…
Thermodynamic calculations and inorganic precipitation experiments indicate a relationship between aragonite Mg/Ca and water temperature. This offers a route to reconstruct seawater temperatures from fossil corals. Fundamental to this is the assumption that Mg 2+ exchanges for Ca 2+ within carbonate. We present X‐ray…
The Ag nanoprisms with controlled arrangements show distinct optical, crystallographic, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering properties depending on their orientation in the assemblies, demonstrating that the controlled assembly of anisotropic nanostructures can be utilized as a powerful tool for studying their physi…
The sequence of reactions during the synthesis of sodium niobate, potassium niobate, and sodium potassium niobate from alkaline carbonates and niobium oxide has been studied by diffusion couples in the temperature range between 500° and 700°C for up to 48 h. The reactions proceed by coupled diffusion of alkaline and o…