Materials Literature
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Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (GST) films were deposited on TiN(50nm)∕SiO2∕Si substrates and trench structures of TiAlN(100nm)∕Si with various deposition parameters by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Hexagonal GST films were deposited at temperatures of 330–370°C, deposition pressure of 40Torr, bubbling temperatures…
In this letter, the authors report the formation mechanism of one-dimensional nanostructural polyaniline prepared by an interfacial polymerization. The transmission electron microscopy image of the conducting polymer exhibits a diameter of ∼80nm and a length of ∼1μm. The resistivity of the polymer at room temperature…
By employing a high-energy x-ray diffraction technique, the authors report that uniaxial tensile plastic deformation induced the grain growth and texture development in a bulk nanocrystalline Ni–Fe alloy. The effects become more pronounced with increasing the plastic strain (closer to the fracture surface). The textur…
Abstract The sorption of compressed gases in polymers causing a reduction in the glass transition temperature ( T g ) is well established. There is, however, limited information on polymer–gas systems with favorable interactions, producing a unique retrograde behavior. This paper reports on using a combination of esta…
Exploring orientation: With the help of atomic force microscopy, the linkage and orientation of covalently bound surface molecules can be investigated (see picture). Nebel and co-workers applied this technique to the characterization of DNA films covalently bound to a diamond surface for the first time.
The authors study the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires by simulation of phonon motion and interactions through a dedicated Monte Carlo model. This model solves the Boltzmann transport equation, taking into account silicon acoustic mode dispersion curves and three phonon interactions (the normal and umklapp pr…
The structures of (1−x)PbTiO3–xBiFeO3 (x=0.3 and 0.6) were investigated by means of the neutron powder diffraction. A splitting shift between Fe and Ti atoms was found along the c axis in 0.7PbTiO3–0.3BiFeO3; however, this splitting does not appear in 0.4PbTiO3–0.6BiFeO3. The tetragonal phase of PbTiO3–BiFeO3 exhibits…
The state of the art in asymmetric epoxidation catalysis using the green H2O2 as oxidant has been drastically improved. Chiral [Ti(salalen)] and simple chiral [Ti(salan)] catalysts are reported to be surprisingly active chiral catalysts for styrene and 1-octene, thereby leading to high yields and enantioselectivities.
The authors fabricated Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3–NiFe2O4 composite films consisting of randomly dispersed NiFe2O4 nanoparticles in the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 matrix. The structural analysis revealed that the crystal axes of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles are aligned with those of the ferroelectric matrix. The composite has good ferro…
Current-voltage characteristics of diode structures with an active layer of a zinc oxide nanoparticle-polystyrene hybrid material (1:2 by weight) deposited by spin coating from solution were investigated. Aluminum and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene-sulfonate were used as electrodes. After a forming step,…
Planar Pd, Pt, Au, and Ag Schottky diodes with low ideality factors were fabricated on the Zn-polar (0001) and O-polar (0001¯) faces of bulk, single crystal ZnO wafers. The diodes were characterized by current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements. A polarity effect was observed for Pt and Pd diodes with higher…
We study the frictional sliding of two ideally incommensurate surfaces with a third incommensurate sheet - a sort of extended lubricant - in between. When the mutual ratios of the three periodicities in this sandwich geometry are chosen to be the golden mean ϕ=(1+\sqrt 5)/2, this system is believed to be statically pi…
We report peculiar velocity quantization phenomena in the classical motion of an idealized 1D solid lubricant, consisting of a harmonic chain interposed between two periodic sliders. The ratio v_cm/v_ext of the chain center-of-mass velocity to the externally imposed relative velocity of the sliders stays pinned to exa…
The heat capacity Cm of polycrystalline fullerite C60 doped with nitrogen has been measured in the temperature interval 2 - 13 K. The contributions to heat capacity from translational lattice vibrations (Debye contribution), orientational vibrations of the C60 molecules (Einstein contribution) and from the motion of t…
Most insects and spiders drown when submerged during flooding or tidal inundation, but some are able to survive and others can remain submerged indefinitely without harm. Many achieve this by natural adaptations to their surface morphology to trap films of air, creating plastrons which fix the water-vapor interface an…
The authors report the structural and physical properties of epitaxial Bi2FeCrO6 thin films on epitaxial SrRuO3 grown on (100)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser ablation. The 300nm thick films exhibit both ferroelectricity and magnetism at room temperature with a maximum dielectric polarization of 2.8μC∕cm2 a…
Contrary to the antiferromagnetic and insulating character of bulk NiO, one-dimensional chains of this material can become half-metallic due to the lower coordination of their atoms. Here we present ab initio electronic structure and quantum transport calculations of ideal infinitely long NiO chains and of more realis…
Perovskite-type polycrystalline BiFeO3 (BFO) nanowires (∼50nm in diameter and ∼5μm in length) were synthesized using the anodized alumina template technique. An energy band gap of ∼2.5eV was determined from the UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum, and its photocatalytic ability to produce O2 was revealed under UV…
Abstract Poly(p-oligophenylene amine)s, –[(p-C6H4)mNH]n– (m = 2–4), receive electrochemical and chemical oxidation similar to polyaniline (m = 1). In the electrochemical oxidation (or p-doping) in aqueous media and acetonitrile, the oxidation of the polymer with m = 3 occurs at higher potentials by about 1.0 and 0.6 V…
Abstract A polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-containing initiator for nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization was synthesized to prepare organic–inorganic hybrid polymers (PS-POSS), which are polystyrene (PS) with a POSS end group. PS-POSS were well dispersed in PS thin films and provided thermal stability…