Materials Literature
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We have investigated the chemical bonding and the elastic properties of nanolayered ${\mathrm{M}}_{2}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{N}$, where $\mathrm{M}=\mathrm{Ti}$, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W and $\mathrm{A}=\mathrm{Al}$, Ga, and Ge, by ab initio calculations. The bulk modulus of ${\mathrm{M}}_{2}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{N}$ in…
The introduction of ferromagnetic order in ZnO results in a transparent piezoelectric ferromagnet and further expands its already wide range of applications into the emerging field of spintronics. Through an analysis of density functional calculations we determine the nature of magnetic interactions for transition met…
A nonvolatile plastic digital memory device based on nanofibers of the conjugated polymer polyaniline decorated with gold nanoparticles is reported. The device has a simple structure consisting of the plastic composite film sandwiched between two electrodes. An external bias is used to program the ON and OFF states of…
A direct steady state computer simulation method for calculating the Onsager phenomenological transport coefficient from the gradient of the chemical potential in the one component lattice gas is presented. It is shown that the results are in good agreement with the Einsteinian method. A recent alternative formulation…
Abstract In several high temperature and high pressure (HT/HP) production environments severe downhole carbonate scale formation is often anticipated and effective carbonate scale dissolvers are required. However for most cases the selection of scale dissolvers is conducted under much less severe conditions, involving…
Abstract The scaling potential of Miller wells is widely accepted as being perhaps the severest in the North Sea, if not the world. This creates a unique chemical challenge, the aim of which has always been to extend the lifetimes of scale squeezes across all the wells. A new scale inhibitor has been deployed which ha…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Emissions from (and cost of) three-way catalysts can minimised by targeted application of PGM along the catalyst's length rather than the conventional homogeneous distribution. Experiments are described demonstrating pollutant conversion as a function of catalyst length during the…
Abstract The control of inorganic scale (carbonate/sulphate) has been a challenge to the production of hydrocarbon and associated water for over 50 years. The current trend in the industry to develop satellite fields with longer tie backs and in deeper water has resulted in new challenges to control such scale deposit…
Metallooctaphyrin-Komplexe: Zweifache Metallierung eines perfluorierten [36]Octaphyrins mit Kupfer(II) führt zur hydrolytischen Öffnung eines Pyrrolrings (siehe Struktur) . Mit Silberionen lieferten das perfluorierte [36]Octaphyrin und ein meso-Pentafluorphenyl-substituiertes [36]Octaphyrin dagegen Disilber(I)-Komplex…
Abstract Scale control is conventionally achieved by the use of chemical inhibitors, introduced to the production system either by squeeze treatment into the reservoir or continual injection into the well. However, as new field developments encounter more challenging production environments or when the associated econ…
The resultant thermoelectric power factors P of three types of Cu∕Bi∕Cu,Ni∕Bi∕Ni, and Cu∕Bi∕Ni composite materials welded with Bi were measured at 298 K as a function of relative thickness of Bi and compared with P values calculated by treating these devices as an electrical and thermal circuit. It was first demonstra…
Nanoscale heat conduction across tunnel junctions prepared through natural oxidation of metal electrodes is experimentally studied. The thermal resistance of AlOx tunnel barriers increases linearly with barrier thickness, which is consistent with the prevailing theory of heat conduction in highly disordered materials.…
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been chemically attached with high density onto a patterned substrate. To form the SWNT pattern, the substrate was treated with acid-labile group protected amine, and an amine prepattern was formed using a photolithographic process with a novel polymeric photoacid generator…
Imaging thermography in the 3–5μm wavelength range is applied to the analysis of thermal properties of high-power diode lasers. We investigate these devices by inspecting their front facets as well as their active regions along the resonator. The latter is done through top windows within the substrate. Raw data are fo…
Real (epsilon') and imaginary (epsilon") parts of the complex dielectric permittivity (epsilon*) of the liquid crystal (LC) 4-n-decyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (10CB) embedded in Anopore membranes and Vycor porous glass, as well as dispersed with hydrophilic aerosils, have been studied by means of broadband dielectric spectros…
The syntheses, crystal structures, and magnetic properties of three novel cyano-bridged bimetallic assemblies, [Ni(bpm)(2)](3)[Co(CN)(6)](2)x3.5H(2)O (1), [Co(bpm)(2)][Fe(CN)(5)NO]x2H(2)O (2), and [Co(bpm)(2)][Ni(CN)(4)] (3) (bpm = bis(1-pyrazolyl)methane), are reported. Complex 1 crystallizes in the tetragonal space…
ZnO nanowires with a diameter distribution from 20 to 100 nm were fabricated by a simple thermal evaporation process. Two different types of nanowire (circular versus hexagonal cross section) were obtained by controlling the growth conditions. The size-dependent electronic structures of both types of samples were inve…
We have studied the evolution of anisotropic epitaxial strains in ⟨110⟩-oriented (Ba0.60Sr0.40)TiO3 paraelectric (m3m) thin films grown on orthorhombic (mm2) ⟨100⟩-oriented NdGaO3 by high-resolution x-ray diffractometry. All the six independent components of the three-dimensional strain tensor were measured in films w…
Bulk protein crystallization, unlike small molecule crystallization, has found very limited use in biopharmaceutical manufacture. Most work in this area targets obtaining single large crystals for molecular structure determination by crystallography. Design and optimization of bulk crystallization for protein recovery…
Abstract Mineral scale formation and deposition on downhole and surface equipment is a major source of cost and reduced production to the oil industry. This paper describes a novel semi-quantitative kinetic approach to predicting the location of barium sulfate formation and deposition. The key conclusions of this work…