Materials Literature
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NiTi shape memory thin films are potentially desirable for MEMS actuators. Traditionally, there are two approaches to obtain NiTi shape memory thin films. One is to anneal amorphous NiTi films in a vacuum chamber and the other is to deposit NiTi on a high temperature substrate (about 500 °C). Both approaches have diff…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunicationNEXTGeneration of Stable Calamitic Liquid-Crystal Phases with Lateral Intermolecular Hydrogen BondingTakashi Kajitani, Shigeo Kohmoto, Makoto Yamamoto, and Keiki KishikawaView Author Information Quality Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba Univer…
The sol−gel process has proven to be a convenient route to produce inorganic oxide materials with various shapes. We report here the use of this technique to prepare for the first time to our knowledge high-quality powders and spray-coated films of LiYF 4 . Powdered samples were structurally as well as morphologically…
A detailed analysis of radiation-damage-induced structural and intensity changes is presented on the model protein thaumatin. Changes in reflection intensities induced by irradiation display a parabolic character. The most pronounced structural changes observed were disulfide-bond breakage and associated main-chain an…
A novel framework K(2)Ag(6)Sn(3)S(10) was synthesized solvothermally and characterized by single-crystal diffraction. The framework comprises [Ag(6)SnS(4)](2+) cationic layers pillared by [SnS(3)](2)(-) zigzag chains formed by vertex-sharing SnS(4) tetrahedra, and potassium ions are located in 1D channels. This compou…
A new method of computing grain boundary energies for arbitrary misorientation and inclination angles has been proposed, based on an atomistic approach (molecular statics) using a semi-empirical atomic potential (2NN MEAM). The procedure was applied to computation of the [ 110] symmetric tilt boundary energy of pure A…
ZnS quantum dots are synthesized by a high-temperature chemical route with narrow size distribution at diameters of 1.4 and 1.8 nm. Significantly small size dispersion of 1.4-nm-sized ZnS quantum dots is vivid from the transmission electron microscopic measurements. The nonlinear absorption is measured at wavelengths…
The mechanical integrity of single-walled carbon nanotubes for bending and torsional deformations is evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations. A cantilever type nanotube loaded by a follower lateral force at the free end of the tube exhibits an unstable local buckling near the fixed end. A hysteresis loop is obs…
Using time resolved optical depolarization, we have studied the rotational behavior of molecular probes in supercooled liquids near the glass transition temperature T(g). Simultaneously, the dynamics of the liquid immediately surrounding these rigid probes is measured by triplet state solvation experiments. This direc…
Differences in mosaicity between lysozyme crystals grown inside and outside a homogeneous magnetic field of 2.4 T and with and without agarose gel were investigated by X-ray diffraction rocking-curve measurements. High angular resolution was achieved using an Si(113) four-reflection Bartels monochromator. The results…
The relative weight, delta(Beta), of the yield of secondary electrons, SE(2), induced by the backscattered electrons, BSE, with respect to that, delta(P), of secondary electrons, SE(1), induced by the primary electrons, PE, is deduced from simple theoretical considerations. At primary energies E(0) larger than E(M) (w…
Ag sol prepared by the citrate-reduction method is a promising surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate that can be activated not only by 514.5 nm radiation but also by 568 nm and 632.8 nm radiation. Using these facts, the SERS of benzyl phenyl sulfide (BPS) in silver sol is revisited to assess the excitatio…
The refractive index and density of silica glass were measured for various fictive temperatures. They both increase without any local maxima, as the fictive temperature increases up to 1550°C. From the relationship between the refractive index and the density, polarizability was estimated using the Lorentz-Lorenz form…
Au:CdS nanocomposite film was investigated using femtosecond pump–probe measurement at 800 nm. Time dependence of transmittance shows a two-photon absorption followed by a saturable absorption and recovery process, which clearly demonstrates that resonant energy transfer between CdS and Au nanocomposite systems occur…
An amyloid fibril is a highly ordered, insoluble form of protein that results when a normally soluble protein aggregates via a self-association process to form a structured nanotube. Such fibrils can now be routinely generated from purified proteins in the laboratory, and have attracted burgeoning interest due to thei…
The measurement of the bulk purity of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is an important outstanding problem. We report a solution-phase near-IR (NIR) spectroscopic study of a range of carbon materials with an emphasis on SWNTs, and we show that NIR spectroscopy is an extremely powerful tool in the assessment of t…
Dynamic properties of dilute solutions of neutral and charged dendrimers with explicit excluded-volume, electrostatic, and hydrodynamic interactions have been investigated by Brownian dynamics simulation. Three different types of motions in dendrimers up to g = 5 generations have been considered: the motion of a dendr…
Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of a phenolic polymer within layer-by-layer (LbL) constructed polyelectrolyte microcapsules has been introduced. This approach is based on selective permeability of capsule walls for monomer molecules, while biocatalyst and forming polymeric chains cannot leave capsules interior because of h…
The role of S mixing in the quantum tunneling of the magnetization in nanomagnets has been investigated. We show that the effect on the tunneling frequency is huge and that the discrepancy (more than 3 orders of magnitude in the tunneling frequency) between spectroscopic and relaxation measurements in Fe(8) can be res…
We have studied the surface morphology of symmetric poly(styrene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer thin films after solvent vapor treatment selective for poly(methyl methacrylate). Highly ordered nanoscale depressions or striped morphologies are obtained by varying the solvent annealing time. The resu…