Materials Literature
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This article presents the effects of phases of underlying nucleation layers prepared using two different reaction schemes, one is with B2H6 and WF6 and the other with SiH4 and WF6, on the properties of chemical vapor deposited (CVD)-tungsten (W) thin film. From the x-ray diffractometry and transmission electron micros…
The epitaxial growth of CaO films on mechanical-damage-free MgO(001) surface using low-temperature buffer technique has been carefully investigated. The strain is effectively relaxed in the CaO∕MgO interfacial layers by lattice distortion and misfit dislocations as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, which…
Switching current measurements have been carried out on a soft lead zirconate titanate (PXE52, donor doped, modified proprietary composition with the overall formula PbZr0.415Ti0.585O3). The experiments showed a single switching current peak during the application of electric field to a nonpoled (virgin) sample. Howev…
The effect of different rice cultivation periods on the properties of selected soils in alluvial plain were studied in Mazandaran province (north of Iran) in 2004. Soils were sampled form 0, 6, 16, 26 and over 40 years rice cultivation fields. In each treatment three soil profiles and six nearby auger holes were studi…
The load separation method was employed to measure the pl η -factor, the growing crack length and the applied J-integral during the course of the test of small curved CT specimen of Z-2.5Nb pressure tube material. The effect of the notch tip radius of the notched (reference) CT specimen on the separation parameter was…
Neutron reflectometry and isotope multilayers were used to investigate self-diffusion in covalent amorphous solids during isothermal annealing and its correlation to structural relaxation. Amorphous silicon nitride was chosen as a model system. Neutron reflectometry is a superior method to measure very low self-diffus…
The authors studied the growth and wet thermal oxidation (WTO) of ZnO thin films using a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering technique. X-ray diffraction reveals a preferred orientation of [101¯0]ZnO(0002)∕∕[112¯0]Al2O3(0002) coexisted with a small amount of ZnO (101¯1) and ZnO (101¯3) crystals on the Al2O3 (0001) su…
Abstract We report on the synthesis and low temperature transport of Mg 2 Ge 1– y Sb y with 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.33. In these materials Sb substitutes for Ge in the antifluorite structure. Electrical and thermal transport measurements indicate that as the Sb content increases, vacancies are formed on the Mg sites thereby contrib…
The three-dimensional structure of oleic acid-capped CdSe and thiol-capped CdTe nanocrystals used as quantum dots has been determined by total synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction and atomic pair distribution function analysis. Both CdSe and CdTe are found to exhibit the zinc-blende-type atomic ordering. It is only…
Abstract Poly(methyl methacrylate‐ co ‐maleic anhydride) copolymers (MMA‐MA) have been synthesized by solution method, using toluene as solvent and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The MMA‐MA copolymers were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and titration. I…
The ferroelectric properties of sodium nitrite (NaNO2):poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite films prepared by the solvent cast method have been studied. The optimization of the ferroelectric properties of the composite films as a function of the composition gave 50wt% to be the optimum value. The enhanced remanent polari…
The internal structure of porous TiO2 films prepared by electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition was investigated. The films were prepared by alternate dipping of solid substrates into dispersions of TiO2 nanoparticles and polycations, polyanions, or pure buffer solution, respectively. The surface charge of the amphote…
In this work, Judd–Ofelt analysis is applied to rare-earth-doped lead-indium-phosphate glasses (RE-PbInPO4, where RE=Er3+ and Nd3+) in order to evaluate their potential as both glass laser systems and amplifier materials. The phenomenological Judd–Ofelt parameters Ω(2), Ω(4), and Ω(6) are determined for both rare-eart…
Absorption and luminescence experiments were performed in thulium (Tm3+)-doped TeO2-PbO glass samples. Spectroscopic quantities such as transition probabilities, branching ratios, and radiative lifetimes related to the Tm3+ ions were determined using the Judd-Ofelt theory. Luminescence properties were studied by excit…
Novel manufacturing technologies for high-strength structure components of aluminium allow a local modification of material properties to respond to operational demands. Machining and finishing processes for changing material properties like deep rolling or rubbing are to be combined to a single process step. Intentio…
The electric-field-induced resonance method [Poncharal et al., Science 283, 5 (1999)] has been widely applied to measure the Young's moduli of nanowires. In the present paper, a systematic study of the effects of various clamp uncertainties (partially pinned, elastic foundation, unknown defects, etc.) on the Young's m…
Zn-doping Ba8Ga16ZnxGe30−x (x=2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.2) clathrates with different Zn contents were synthesized by combining the solid-state reaction with the spark plasma sintering method. The effects of Zn content on thermoelectric properties were investigated. The results show that all specimens exhibit p-type conduc…
The magnetic and electric static and dynamic properties of hexagonal multiferroic RMnO3 are studied based on the transverse Ising and Heisenberg models using a Green’s function technique. The influence of the magnetoelectric coupling and the exchange interaction constants is discussed. The coexistence of ferroelectric…
The effect of hydrogen on the conductivity of ZnO nanoparticles has implications for nanoscale optoelectronic devices. In this study, infrared reflectance spectra of as-grown and hydrogen-annealed ZnO nanoparticles were measured at near-normal incidence. The as-grown particles were electrically semi-insulating and sho…
Influences of Ca addition on microstructures and mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures have been investigated for Mg-1.5%Nd-1.0%RE-0.5%Zn-(0~1.0)%Ca casting alloys, on basis of experimental results from X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectr…