Materials Literature
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A molecular-dynamics thermal annealing model is proposed to investigate the mechanisms involved in picosecond pulsed laser ablation of crystalline silicon. In accordance with the thermal annealing model, a detailed description of the microscopic processes which result from the interaction of a 308 nm, 10 ps, Gaussian…
The dispersion relations of the surface polaritons of a slab made of a material which has dispersive permittivity and permeability, and is left-handed over a frequency band in the microwave range of several GHz, are investigated. Four branches of p polarized surface polaritons and two branches of s polarized ones are…
NiO in association with aluminum oxide has been identified by temperature-programmed reduction as the active species in the Ni–Al hydrotalcite catalyst that oxidizes α-ketols as well as benzylic and allylic alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds in oxygen in quantitative yields under mild reaction conditio…
To the Editor: Various vascular grafts are commonly used in the reconstruction of cardiovascular tissues. However, prosthetic or bioprosthetic materials lack growth potential and therefore in child...
The Gilroy-Phillips model of relaxational jumps in asymmetric double-well potentials, developed for the Arrhenius-type secondary relaxations of the glass phase, is extended to a formal description of the breakdown of the shear modulus at the glass transition, the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ process. The extension requires t…
Experimental and modeling studies are presented on the synthesis of bisphenol A polycarbonate at ambient pressure by a novel forced gas sweeping process. Unlike in the conventional high-vacuum melt transesterification process, the condensation byproduct (phenol) is removed from a highly viscous polymer melt in the for…
Chicken egg-white lysozyme (CEWL) crystals were grown in microgravity and on the ground in the presence of various amounts of a naturally occurring lysozyme dimer impurity. No significant favorable differences in impurity incorporation between microgravity and ground crystal samples were observed. At low impurity conc…
The isomorphous compounds $({\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{CHNH}}_{3}{\mathrm{CuCl}}_{3}$ and $({\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{CHNH}}_{3}{\mathrm{CuBr}}_{3}$ consist of ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic alternating Heisenberg chains with $S=1/2,$ respectively. The ground state…
The interplay of photochromism and fluorescence was studied by attaching anthracene as chromophore to dithienylperfluorocyclopentene (1,2-bis[5-anthryl-2-methylthien-3-yl]perfluorocyclopentene, Ac-BMTFP). The blue fluorescence of the open isomer of Ac-BMTFP is suppressed by the ring-closure reaction. The spectroscopic…
Synthesis, structure determination by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and physical properties are reported and compared for superconducting and semiconducting molecular charge-transfer salts with stoichiometry (BEDT-TTF)(4)[A(I)M(III)(C(2)O(4))(3)].PhCN, where A(I) = H(3)O, NH(4), K; M(III) = Cr, Fe, Co, Al; BEDT-TT…
Potassium manganese oxide materials having the synthetic birnessite structure K-OL-1 were synthesized by reduction methods. K-OL-1 has been ion-exchanged with H + to produce H-OL-1, which was utilized in further intercalating reactions. The tetraalkylammonium hydroxides including tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraet…
The dehydrogenation of IrH 2 {C 6 H 3 -2,6-(CH 2 PBu t 2 ) 2 } ( 1 ) by tert -butylethylene followed by reaction with an excess of water leads to the isolation of IrH(OH){C 6 H 3 -2,6-(CH 2 PBu t 2 ) 2 } ( 2 ) in nearly quantitative yield. The hydrido hydroxo complex has been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectros…
We report local density functional calculations using the full-potential linearized muffin-tin orbital method for MgO and GaN in the wurtzite and rocksalt structures and for orthorhombic structures along a homogeneous strain transition path linking wurtzite to rocksalt. MgO is found to be unstable in the wurtzite and…
A first-principles-derived approach is used to study structural, piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Pb(Zr_{1-x}Ti_{x})O_{3} (PZT) solid solutions near the morphotropic phase boundary at low temperature. Three ferroelectric phases are found to exist: a tetragonal phase for larger x compositions, a rhombohedral…
The melt-state linear and nonlinear shear rheological properties of hybrid materials of polypropylene and amine-exchanged montmorillonite were studied. The materials were prepared by melt mixing with maleic anhydride functionalized polypropylene as the compatibilizer. The clay interlayer spacing (as determined by wide…
Abstract Production chemicals being discharged into the natural environment are increasingly becoming scrutinized for their impact on the environment. New and existing chemicals for scale and corrosion control are likely to be impacted by the developing legislation and regulatory control. Therefore, there exists an ur…
This is the first report on the oxidative polymerization of indene using cobalt(II) tetraphenyl porphyrin pyridine [Co(II)TPP(Py)] complex, which led to the formation of poly(indene peroxide), PINDP, having narrow polydispersity. The polymerization was carried out at room temperature and low oxygen pressure. The dual…
A unique phase transition between the state of “two macrophase-separated disordered phases” at higher temperatures and that of “a single phase with only a local order” at lower temperatures was observed in a binary mixture of polystyrene (PS)- block -polyisoprene (PI) copolymers by using small-angle X-ray scattering,…
We report the results of the electrical switching and thermal studies performed on the bulk ${\mathrm{Al}}_{20}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{80\ensuremath{-}x}$ chalcogenide glasses which are a sequel to similar experiments on the ${\mathrm{Al}}_{20}{\mathrm{As}}_{x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{80\ensuremath{-}x}$ glasses to asce…
The vapor pressures and vapor molecular weights of the copper and yttrium β-diketonate MOCVD precursors Cu(C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 2 (c) and Y(C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 3 (c) were measured by a torsion-effusion/mass-loss method in the ranges (346 to 375) K and (361 to 387) K, respectively. The molecular weight data indicate that the sa…