Materials Literature
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In this paper, the twisting principles of Solospun and ring spinning are compared and analyzed. A geometric model is used to analyze the structure of Solospun yarns in order to determine why they are less hairy than ring spun yarns. Finally, a series of tests proves the conclusions.
The Abraham solvation parameter model is used to calculate the numerical values of the solute descriptors for 2-methoxybenzoic acid and 4-methoxybenzoic acid from experimental solubilities in organic solvents. The mathematical correlations take the form of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] where C S and C W refe…
Thin-film transistor liquid-crystal displays are systems widely used to support full-featured multimedia. For such systems, backlight is a major source of power dissipation. This article introduces a backlight power management framework and explores trade-offs in the extended dynamic-luminance-scaling design space in…
Nanocrystalline zinc titanate (ZnTiO 3 ) was synthesized at low temperatures through the combination of a sol–gel processing and a polymer binder method. ZnTiO 3 powders of ∼5 nm in size were obtained by heating pastes, which were composed of a Zn‐Ti methanolic solution containing acetylacetone and an organic polymer…
The pyroelectric coefficients of 0.72Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3-0.28PbTiO3 (PMN-28PT), 0.67Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3-0.33PbTiO3 (PMN-33PT), and 0.92Pb(Zn1∕3Nb2∕3)O3-0.08PbTiO3 (PZN-8PT) single crystals, oriented and poled along three different crystallographic directions, [001]C, [011]C, and [111]C, have been measured using a dynamic me…
We have studied the thermoelectric properties of the stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric Heusler compounds Fe2−xTi1+xSn between 10K and 400K. It is found that the electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient are very sensitive to the off-stoichiometry. Seebeck coefficient (S) measurements indicate that all studied…
The effect of Ni content on the corrosion and passivation behaviors of copper-nickel alloys with different Cu to Ni ratios was investigated in neutral sulfate solutions. The influence of working conditions (e.g., immersion time, sulfate ions concentration, and temperature) on the electrochemical behavior of the differ…
Thin films able to sustain an efficient photoreduction of Ag + ions with 350 nm photons in air were prepared by crosslinking poly(vinyl alcohol) with glutaraldehyde in the presence of poly(acrylic acid). Standard colloid techniques served as screening methods for the selection of polymer compositions yielding films wi…
Carbon nanotubes and other aggregated fullerene-related multi-layer shell structures have been collected in propane and natural gas flame emissions from domestic cooking stoves and observed by transmission electron microscopy. Some aggregated nanoparticles collected on 3 mm electron microscope grids by thermal precipi…
In a single-component material, a chemical potential gradient or a wind force drives self-diffusion. If the self-diffusion flux has a divergence, the material deforms. We formulate a continuum theory to be consistent with this kinematic constraint. When the diffusion flux is divergence-free, the theory decouples into…
A method of stepwise assembling thin polymer/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films using donor−acceptor interactions is demonstrated. When the affinity that amine groups have for nanotubes were utilized, films were formed by the sequential adsorption of polyethylenimine and polyallylamine followed by SWCNTs onto…
A SiC nanowire/Tyranno‐SA fiber‐reinforced SiC/SiC composite was fabricated via simple in situ growth of SiC nanowires directly in the fibrous preform before CVI matrix densification; the purpose of the SiC nanowires was to markedly improve strength and toughness. The nanowires consisted of single‐crystal β‐phase SiC…
Various physical mechanisms are involved in an electromigration (EM) process occurring in metal thin film. These mechanisms are electron-wind force induced migration, thermomigration due to temperature gradient, stressmigration due to stress gradient, and surface migration due to surface tension in the case where free…
Abstract Grafting of methacrylic acid (MAA) on starch, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and a mixture of starch and PVA, using a potassium persulfate/ sodium thiosulfate redox initiation system was carried out. Polymerization was studied with respect to graft yield, homopolymer formation and total conversion. These polymeri…
For a given fiber spun to pre-determined yarn specifications, the spinning performance of the yarn usually varies from mill to mill. For this reason, it is necessary to develop an empirical model that can encompass all known processing variables that exist in different spinning mills, and then generalize this informat…
CuO nanowires and nanorods were synthesized through a novel controllable solution-phase hydrothermal method using a nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the structure-directing template. The lengths of obtained 1D CuO nanostructures could be successfully controlled through choosing different molecular weig…
Tetra(phenylethynyl)tin is an efficient initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide, with or without the addition of isopropanol as a coinitiator, providing high activity and high molar mass polymers.
Diffractive optical elements to form one-parameter directivity diagrams are designed using the geometric optics. The field ray structure corresponding to the line-shaped directivity diagram is analyzed and curvilinear coordinates for calculating the eikonal are proposed. A new simplified formula for the eikonal functi…
A significant amount of work has been done in the past decade to reveal the unique structural and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes and to explore what might be the key applications of these novel materials. Due to the difficulty in developing experimental techniques, there is still no report on the measured v…
We have recently proposed a nonlocal continuum crystal plasticity theory that is based on a statistical-mechanics description of the collective behaviour of dislocations. Kinetic equations for the dislocation density fields have been derived from the equation of motion of individual dislocations and have been coupled…