Materials Literature
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The electrochemical permeation technique was used to evaluate the hydrogen diffusion, and analyse its interdependent solubility and trapping behaviour in 9 austenitic stainless steels. The hydrogen diffusion of all alloys obeyed Arrhenius relationships in the temperature range between 25 °C to 100 °C. The apparent dif…
Lithium containing sodium superionic conductors of composition LiSbM(PO4)3 (M=Al, Cr, and Fe) were prepared by solid-state method and were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. All compounds were found to crystallize in rhombohedral lattice with space group R3¯c. They show characteristic…
The applicability of the Boltzmann-Matano method for evaluation of a diffusion coefficient and its concentration dependency by line profile analysis is tested on three different (model) systems. All systems involve interstitial diffusion. It is shown that the occurrence of trapping corrupts the applicability of the Bo…
The tracer diffusion coefficient D* and the mobility of protons in proton-conducting oxides of the АIIВIV 1-xRIII xO3-δ family have been calculated using the Monte Carlo method as functions of temperature and concentration x of the acceptor impurity RIII. The effect of protondopant interactions (proton trapping) and t…
Possibilities of grain-boundary diffusion and segregation studies using nuclear gammaresonance spectroscopy (NGR) are considered. It is shown that the results of the Mössbauer investigations testify the necessity to specify the classical Fisher’s model of grain-boundary diffusion, and a possible way of such specificat…
The continuous rheoconversion process (CRPTM) is a novel slurry-on-demand process that was developed at MPI/WPI in 2002. The process is based on a passive liquid mixing technique in which the nucleation and growth of the primary phase are controlled using a specially designed “reactor”. The reactor provides heat extra…
Based on the existing experiment observation and the movement t races of yarn carriers on the braidingmachine bed , a microst ructure model of 4-step three-dimensional rectangular braided composites is established bythe analytical approach. Especially , the spatial configuration of interior yarns was analyzed in detai…
The purpose of this study was to develop the warm-up suit that is comfortable as well as has good thermal performance. The function of warm-up suit is to keep the body warm and thus to lose it’s weight by sweating. Ceramic powders, such as zirconium and magnesium oxide have been incorporated into the textile structure…
Structural phase transformations of [111] electric field cooled (FC) Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.30PbTiO3 crystals have been performed by x-ray diffraction. A phase sequence of cubic (C)→tetragonal (T)→orthorhombic (O)→monoclinic (M) was found in the FC condition. The finding of a=b>c demonstrates that the M phase is of…
The influence of the distribution of additives on the electrical potential barrier at grain boundaries in a ZnO-based multilayered chip varistor was investigated by scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The leakage current strongly depended on the distribution of addi…
Two-dimensional (2D) mesoscale simulations of planar shock compression, followed by either reloading or unloading, are presented to examine and understand the quasielastic response observed experimentally in shocked polycrystalline aluminum. The simulations included a realistic representation of the grain ensembles in…
The design and performance of silicon nitride (Si3N4) dies for the semi-solid processing of steels is studied by the example of a punch and a lower swage in upset forging. The observed failure mechanisms and degradation effects are related to short-term effects resulting from mechanical and thermal loads and long-term…
The origin of high hole conduction in BaCuQF (Q=S,Se) was investigated by photoemission measurements and full-potential linearized augmented plane wave band-structure calculations. In both compounds, the large dispersion near the top of the valence band is realized by admixed states of Cu 3d and S 3p or Se 4p orbitals…
We have performed morphological analysis of samples of Fe nanowires encapsulated into aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Fe-MWCNTs) via Fe57 Mössbauer spectroscopy. The aligned Fe-MWCNTs were obtained by pyrolysis of ferrocene onto an oxidized Si substrate. Transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy (TMS) and backscattere…
A significant increase in durability of cryogenically treated tools after quenching was reported by a number of publications [1, 2]. As research studies show [4, 5, 6, 7], the main reason for this is the kind of carbides precipitated during tempering at temperature range of 150 –200 0C, which is different than in the…
Nonideal electrode surfaces cause significant degree of electron reflection from collector during thermionic converter operation. The effect of the collector surface structure on the converter performance was assessed through the development of several electron reflection suppression materials using various thin film…
When moisture uptake in a polymer is associated with swelling, it induces stresses which interact with the entire diffusion process. This coupling is addressed in this paper, which extends immediately to the diffusion of other fluids, like solvents. First, the generalized chemical potential is used to analyze the effe…
To be suitable for integrated optical devices, (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 (PLZT) ferroelectric thin films require high crystalline quality, low surface roughness, high optical index, and high transparency. In this paper, PLZT thin films have been grown in situ on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated quartz substrates by rf magnetron s…
Direct growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on silicon is of great importance for their potential exploitation in the semiconductor industry. In this article we investigate the chemical vapor deposition growth of CNTs on Si substrates from ethylene precursor using an iron catalyst. We observe that CNTs are produced only…
We report on the structural and magnetic properties of V-doped AlN thin films deposited on c-plane (001) sapphire by reactive cosputtering. The AlN crystal structure was maintained, with decreasing c lattice parameter, as V content increased to 1.58at.%. No secondary phase was found. Films exhibited ferromagnetism at…