Materials Literature
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Natural help: PbE nanotubes (E=S, Se, Te; see picture) have been synthesized by a novel biomolecule-assisted method at room temperature. The precursor nanowires self-assembled from nanocrystals synthesized in the presence of cysteine play crucial roles as both the lead source and template in the formation of the nanot…
We developed a strategy to switch the luminescence of semiconductor quantum dots with chemical stimulations. It is based on the photoinduced transfer of either energy from CdSe-ZnS core-shell quantum dots to [1,3]oxazine ligands or electrons from the organic to the inorganic components. The organic ligands incorporate…
Direct atomic resolution observations of the layered stacking characteristics of TaC x slabs and Al atomic planes in ternary Ta–Al–C carbides were achieved. Layered ternary Ta–Al–C compounds have diverse structures. A previously unknown Ta 6 AlC 5 carbide, as well as intergrown Ta 2 AlC–Ta 4 AlC 3 and Ta 4 AlC 3 –Ta 6…
A new fcc oxygen defect pyrochlore structure system Lu2V2O_{7-x} with x = 0.40 to 0.65 was synthesized from the known fcc ferromagnetic semiconductor pyrochlore compound Lu2V2O7 which can be written as Lu2V2O6O' with two inequivalent oxygen sites O and O'. Rietveld x-ray diffraction refinements showed significant Lu-V…
We present results of electronic structure calculations for aluminium contacts of atomic size, based on density functional theory and the local density approximation. Addressing the atomic orbitals at the neck of the nanocontact, we find that the local band structure deviates strongly from bulk fcc aluminium. In parti…
This paper reviews recent progress in the study of rare gas films on quasicrystalline surfaces. The adsorption of Xe on the 10-fold surface of decagonal Al-Ni-Co was studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The results of these studies prompted the development of a theoretical model, which successfully re…
We have investigated the nanostructure and microstructure resulting from ns laser irradiation simultaneous with deposition of Co films on Si(001) substrates. The spatial order and length scales of the resulting nanopatterns and their crystalline microstructure were investigated as a function of film thickness h and la…
A group of pyrene-containing poly(phenylacetylene)s (PPAs) with high molecular weight ( M w up to ∼170 000) were synthesized in high yields (up to ∼96%). Simply mixing the polymers and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in an appropriate solvent afforded the polymer/MWNT hybrids with MWNT contents up to ∼25 wt %, wh…
The adsorption of Ag$_3$ and Ag$_4$ clusters on the $α$-Al$_2$O$_3$(0001) surface is explored with density functional theory. Within each adsorbed cluster, two different cluster-surface interactions are present. We find that silver clusters simultaneously form both ionic bonds with surface oxygen and intermetallic bon…
Stable, homogeneous, aqueous dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are prepared by nonspecific physical adsorption of surfactants enhanced by sonication. Upon centrifugation, supernatant and precipitate phases are obtained. The initial weights of the SWNTs and the surfactant are divided between these t…
A superhydrophobic surface is produced from industrial grade polymer materials. The surface comprises partly disordered triple-scaled arrays of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) globules. An inherently superhydrophobic metallic surface is produced with polymer template. The mathematical model based on the Cassie-Baxter h…
Heavy rare earth chromites of the formula LnCrO3 with Ln = Ho, Er, Yb, Lu and Y are shown to be multiferroic, exhibiting canted antiferromagnetism at low temperatures (TN = 113–140 K) and a ferroelectric transition in the 472–516 K range.
Prospects for revolutionary design of future power generation systems are contingent on the development of durable high‐performance ceramic composites. With recent discoveries in materials and manufacturing concepts, composites with all‐oxide constituents have emerged as leading candidates, especially for components r…
This article demonstrates the occurrence of a true isotropic/nematic transition in colloidal Brownian aqueous suspensions of natural nontronite clay. The liquid-crystalline character is further evidenced by polarized light microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering experiments in the presence and absence of modest ex…
Normal sintering of Li‐doped and Li/Ta‐codoped potassium sodium niobate (KNbO 3 –NaNbO 3 , KNN)‐based ceramics was investigated to clarify the optimal sintering condition for densification, microstructure, and electrical properties. It was found that density increased greatly within a narrow temperature range but tend…
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential source for the construction of tissue-engineered vascular grafts. However, how vascular mechanical forces regulate the genetic reprogramming in MSCs is not well understood. Mechanical strain in the vascular wall is anisotropic and mainly in the circumferential direction. W…
A thermodynamic model was developed to explain the formation of a SiC‐depleted layer during ZrB 2 –SiC oxidation in air at 1500°C. The proposed model suggests that a structure consisting of (1) a silica‐rich layer, (2) a Zr‐rich oxidized layer, and (3) a SiC‐depleted zirconium diboride layer is thermodynamically stabl…
This review describes recent research into the properties of the chromophore-TiO2 interface that forms the basis for photoinduced charge separation in dye-sensitized semiconductor solar cells. It focuses particularly on an atomistic picture of the electron-injection dynamics. The interface offers an excellent case stu…
A simple analytic model for the optical properties of gold is proposed. The model includes a minimum set of parameters necessary to represent the complex dielectric function of gold in the visible and near-uv regions. Explicit values for the parameters to reproduce the Johnson and Christy data [Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370 (1…
A continuum model for the effective spin-orbit interaction in graphene is derived from a tight-binding model which includes the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ and $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ bands. We analyze the combined effects of the intra-atomic spin-orbit coupling, curvature, and applied electric field, using perturbation theory.…