Materials Literature
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Abstract Historically, polyaniline (PANI) had been considered an intractable material, but it can be dissolved in some solvents. Therefore, it could be processed into films or fibers. A process of preparing a blend of conductive fibers of PANI/poly‐ω‐aminoundecanoyle (PA11) is described in this paper. PANI in the emer…
We developed a specimen-drift-free energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping system in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to improve the sensitivity and spatial resolution of EDX elemental mapping images. The amount of specimen drift was analysed from two STEM images before and after specimen drift by usin…
A new method of protein crystallization based on a homologous Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) protein thin-film template proves to successfully stimulate crystal nucleation and growth of the four different proteins being studied, under different crystallization conditions including those failing to lead to crystal formation in…
Piezoforce microscopy (PFM) has been used to determine the domain structure of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) (30/70) on an indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate with a TiO 2 boundary layer. The PZT nucleates into the perovskite form in a random crystallographic manner, which leads to a random domain structure in the…
We present a detailed de Haas-van Alphen effect study of the perovskite CaVO3, offering an unprecedented test of electronic structure calculations in a 3d transition metal oxide. Our experimental and calculated Fermi surfaces are in good agreement, but only if we ignore large orthorhombic distortions of the cubic pero…
Abstract Carboxymethyl chitosan sodium (CMCTS) was synthesized by chitosan and chloroacetic acid under an alkali catalyst. Acrylic acid sodium salt and methylacrylic acid sodium salt were grafted onto CMCTS to obtain copolymers with good water solubility. The graft reaction was carried out at 70°C for 2 h, and ammoniu…
Tungstate exchanged Mg-Al layered double hydroxides a as recyclable heterogenised catalyst along with H2O2 as an oxidant for the oxidation of sec-amines to nitrones is developed for the first time, Reactions proceed at a fast rate in aqueous media in a single step at room temperature in good to excellent yields. The h…
The electronic transitions from deep core levels, semicore levels, and valence bands to the empty conduction bands in yttrium aluminum garnet $({\mathrm{Y}}_{3}{\mathrm{Al}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12})$ (YAG) are studied by first-principles calculations that explicitly take into account the excitonic effect. The electron en…
Abstract Linear low‐density polyethylenes and low‐density polyethylenes of various compositions were melt‐blended with a batch mixer. The blends were characterized by their melt strengths and other rheological properties. A simple method for measuring melt strength is presented. The melt strength of a blend may vary a…
The effects of accelerating voltage and collection angle on the mean free path for all inelastic electron scattering (lambdap), which is an important parameter for determining specimen thickness by using electron energy-loss spectroscopy, were investigated with crystalline Si and amorphous SiO2. First, thickness of Si…
Abstract The polymerizable cationic surfactant, vinylbenzyldimethylethanolammouium chloride (VBDEAC), was synthesized to functionalize montmorillonite (MMT) clay and used to prepare exfoliated polystyrene–clay nanocomposites. The organophilic MMT was prepared by Na + exchanged montmorillonite and ammonium cations of t…
A simple mixture of thiourea and AgNO3 in alkaline solution without any template or substrate, allowed to stand at room temperature, forms a unique self-supported pattern of Ag2S nanorods. The picture shows a scanning electron micrograph of a typical product: a flake of polycrystalline Ag2S with Ag2S nanorods that rad…
Volcanic ash-derived soils have high pH0 and very low cation exchange capacity attributed to their highly reactive colloidal constituents, the short-range-order minerals. Fertility is in doubt unless the effects of positive adsorption sites are masked and the increment of negative charge improved. Laboratory and glass…
The photoluminescence and photostimulated luminescence of Ag and AgI nanoclusters formed in zeolite-Y are studied using fluorescence spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectra of AgI nanoclusters show emission from both AgI as well as Ag nanoclusters which are present in small amounts in the AgI nanoclusters, while i…
Zeolite β, silicalite-1, ZSM-5, and TS-1 coated spheres have been prepared successfully through layer-by-layer assembly of nanozeolite/polymer multilayers on polystyrene (PS) microspheres, and hollow zeolite spheres have been obtained by removal of the core by calcination. In the adsorption process of nanozeolites ont…
A Cu–Zn–Al precursor (CZA) was synthesized efficiently by coprecipitation of the corresponding cations with sodium carbonate at constant pH and temperature. The starting precursor contained a mixture of two hydroxycarbonate phases: rosasite and a Cu–Zn hydrotalcite-like phase. The thermal decomposition was studied by…
We perform a combination of diffraction and diffusion of neutron and high-resolution x-ray experiments on the ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{x}{\mathrm{TiO}}_{3}$ system as well as dielectric susceptibility and polarization measurements. We show the ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$-type antiferrodistortive phas…
It is shown that our multi-high-frequency $(40\ensuremath{-}200 \mathrm{GHz})$ resonant cavity technique yields distortion-free high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra for single-crystal samples of the uniaxial and biaxial spin $S=10$ single-molecule magnets (SMM's) $[{\mathrm{Mn}}_{12}{\mathrm{O}}_{1…
The radial dependency of the vibrational frequencies of single-wall carbon nanotubes in the G band (1500-1600 cm(-1)) is studied by density functional theory. In metallic nanotubes, a mode with A1 symmetry is found to be significantly softer than the corresponding mode in insulating tubes or graphite. The mechanism th…
We present an exact expression for the frequency-dependent Kohn-Sham exact-exchange (EXX) kernel for periodic insulators, which can be employed for the calculation of electronic response properties within time-dependent (TD) density-functional theory. It is shown that the EXX kernel has a long-wavelength divergence be…