Materials Literature
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Abstract A differential AC‐chip calorimeter capable of measuring the step in heat capacity at the glass transition in nanometer‐thin films is described. Because of the differential setup, pJ/K sensitivity is achieved. Heat capacity can be measured for sample masses below 1 ng in broad temperature range as needed for t…
We have calculated the interfacial free energy for the hard-sphere system, as a function of crystal interface orientation, using a method that examines the fluctuations in the height of the interface during molecular dynamics simulations. The approach is particularly sensitive for the anisotropy of the interfacial fre…
Graphene has an unusual low-energy band structure with four chiral bands and half-quantized and quantized Hall effects that have recently attracted theoretical and experimental attention. We study the Fermi energy and disorder dependence of its spin Hall conductivity sigma(xy)(SH). In the metallic regime we find that…
Abstract We present results of molecular dynamics simulations for free‐standing and supported thin films of a nonentangled polymer melt using a coarse‐grained (bead‐spring) model. Our discussion is mainly concerned with the equilibrium properties of the films above the critical temperature ( T c ) of mode‐coupling the…
Ab-initio quantum transport calculations show that short NiO chains suspended in Ni nanocontacts present a very strong spin-polarization of the conductance. The generalized gradient approximation we use here predicts a similiar polarization of the conductance as the one previously computed with non-local exchange, con…
We employ a multiscale modeling approach to study the surface structure and composition of a Pd(100) model catalyst in reactive environments. Under gas phase conditions representative of technological CO oxidation (~1 atm, 300-600 K) we find the system on the verge of either stabilizing sub-nanometer thin oxide struct…
We propose a method for all-electrical initialization, control and readout of the spin of single ions substituted into a semiconductor. Mn ions in GaAs form a natural example. In the ion's ground state the Mn core spin magnetic moment locks antiparallel to the spin and orbital magnetic moment of a bound valence hole f…
We theoretically investigate the efficiency of initial binding between a receptor-coated sphere and a ligand-coated wall in linear shear flow. The mean first passage time for binding decreases monotonically with increasing shear rate. Above a saturation threshold of the order of a few 100 receptor patches, the binding…
Abstract We show that the thermomechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites are critically affected by polymer‐particle wetting behavior. Silica nanoparticles grafted with dense polystyrene brushes of degree of polymerization 1050 are blended with polystyrene melts to form nanocomposites. It was found that low mol…
The electrical properties of a series of CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 ceramics prepared by the mixed oxide route and sintered at 1115°C in air for 1–24 h to produce different ceramic microstructures have been studied by Impedance Spectroscopy. As‐fired ceramics are electrically heterogeneous, consisting of semiconducting grains a…
This paper reports on the bulk properties of the quaternary Heusler alloy ${\mathrm{Co}}_{2}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}\mathrm{Si}$ with the Fe concentration $x=0,1∕2,1$. All samples, which were prepared by arc melting, exhibit $L{2}_{1}$ long-range order over the complete range of Fe concentrati…
Abstract The effects of confinement on glass transition temperature ( T g ) and physical aging are measured in polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(2‐vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) nanocomposites containing 10‐ to 15‐nm‐diameter silica nanospheres or 47‐nm‐diameter alumina nanospheres. Nanocomposites a…
The combination of nanomaterials as solid supports and supramolecular concepts has led to the development of hybrid materials with improved functionalities. These "hetero-supramolecular" ideas provide a means of bridging the gap between molecular chemistry, materials sciences, and nanotechnology. In recent years, rele…
A unique type of carbon structure, radial textured carbon nanoflake spherules, has been synthesized by a microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition method. The spherules with a diameter of 1.2–35μm consist of a number of radially distributed carbon nanoflakes growing from a common core. The constituent nanofl…
An unusually high damping peak of 20% has been observed in Ni52Mn24Ga24 single crystals accompanying with martensitic transformation. The high damping capacity can be retained in the low-temperature martensite phase when a bias field of 0.4T was applied along the measurement direction. The magnetically controlled high…
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of a metal film can efficiently be excited when a light emitter is placed nearby. The excited SPPs are converted to photons by compensating for the momentum mismatch. The authors study SPP-mediated emission from excitons in Si nanocrystals (Si-nc’s) by placing an organic grating on a…
Luminescent, cerium doped Lu2SiO5 thin films with C2∕c symmetry have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at temperatures much lower than the crystallization temperature (2150°C) of the corresponding bulk crystals. The PLD grown films show the typical luminescence resulting from the Ce3+ 5d-4f transition. Ma…
The authors have observed stable, reversible two-resistance states with substantial tunneling magnetoresistances of opposite signs in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3∕SrTiO3∕Co1−xCrx junctions. Electron energy loss spectroscopy studies reveal the segregation and oxidation of electrochemically reactive chromium at that interface, result…
The creation of tailored films of size-selected metal clusters of mixed size and composition is reported. The TEM image shows Au10 000 and Au330 nanoclusters co-deposited on amorphous carbon. At room temperature the different cluster sizes are present but coalescence is observed at 200 °C. High-angle annular dark-fiel…
As the system where both space-inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken simultaneously, the authors have investigated an Er3+-doped ferroelectric (Ba,Sr)TiO3 single crystal under magnetic field, in which the luminescent magnetic Er3+ ion occupies a noncentrosymmetric site. The k-directional dichroism, termed…