Materials Literature
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Properties of single-pulse and two-pulse echoes and their secondary echo signals as well as the role of reversible relaxation in the observed decays of echo signals at the multipulse excitation mode in a number of multidomain magnetic materials were studied.
We report the high-resolution far infrared vibrational properties of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ and endohedral $\mathrm{Kr}@{\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ fullerene as a function of temperature. Anomalous softening of the ${F}_{1u}(1)$ mode $(526\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$ is observed throughout the temp…
Magnetic behavior of a spin-1 Heisenberg dimer is analysed in dependence on both uniaxial single-ion anisotropy and XXZ exchange anisotropy in a zero- as well as non-zero longitudinal magnetic field. A complete set of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the total Hamiltonian is presented together with an exact analytica…
Shape- and size-controlled syntheses of metal nanoparticles have been achieved by galvanic displacement reaction between an aqueous solution of metal salt and Cu foil substrate. In particular, cubic and spheric nanoparticles of Pt (Au) with a fairly narrow size distribution were produced by reacting K(2)PtCl(4) (HAuCl…
Two-dimensional ZnO nanosheet networks composed of many thin and uniform hexagonal-shaped ZnO nanosheets and ZnO nanodiscs were prepared in a large scale on silicon substrate through thermal evaporation using ZnCl 2 and O 2 as source materials for Zn and oxygen, respectively, without the use of metal catalysts or addi…
Abstract Composites of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) were prepared through the oxidative polymerization of a mixture of aniline, 2,5‐diaminobenzene sulfonic acid, and MWCNTs. Fe, Pd, or Fe–Pd alloy nanoparticles were embedded into the MWCNT–SPAN matrix by the reduction of Fe, Pd…
Although the strength of carbon nanotubes has been of great interest, their ideal value has remained elusive both experimentally and theoretically. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of underlying atomic mechanisms and evaluate the yield strain for arbitrary nanotubes at realistic conditions. For this purpose,…
Electronic properties of graphene (carbon) nanoribbons are studied and compared to those of carbon nanotubes. The nanoribbons are found to have qualitatively similar electron band structure which depends on chirality but with a significantly narrower band gap. The low- and high-field mobilities of the nanoribbons are…
Native point defects in anatase $\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ are investigated by using first-principles pseudopotential calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT). Antisite defects, namely, Ti-antisite $({\mathrm{Ti}}_{\mathrm{O}})$ and O-antisite $({\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{Ti}})$, have high formation energie…
We have prepared two types of one-dimensional ion-conductive polymer films containing ion nanochannels that are both perpendicular and parallel to the film surface. These films have been obtained by photopolymerization of aligned columnar liquid crystals of a fan-shaped imidazolium salt having acrylate groups at the p…
Carbon materials with significant nitrogen contents were investigated as the electrode materials of supercapacitors. The preparation procedure involved the polymerization of melamine in the interlayer space of template fluorine mica and carbonization at 750, 850, and 1000 °C. Some samples were also stabilized prior to…
The effects of the hydrostatic and shear-inducing pressure on the physicochemical properties of solids are analysed. The mechanochemical reactions and mechanical activation are illustrated with various types of chemical transformations ranging from polymorph transitions to solid-state reactions. The prospects for the…
We report on the first model of a thermal transistor to control heat flow. Like its electronic counterpart, our thermal transistor is a three-terminal device with the important feature that the current through the two terminals can be controlled by small changes in the temperature or in the current through the third t…
The conversion of n- alkylsulfinyl OC 1 C 10 -PPV precursor polymers to the conjugated OC 1 C 10 -PPV polymer and the subsequent reactions of the elimination products in the solid state are studied in situ with FT-IR, UV−vis spectroscopy, and modulated temperature DSC (MTDSC). FT-IR and UV−vis spectroscopy allow monit…
The kinetics of crystallization limit the rate at which crystal growth can occur without incorporation of undesired impurity. If the rate of heat transfer exceeds the mass transfer rate of the impurity, the impurity can solidify, contaminating the product. One would like to specify a rate of crystallization and determ…
Tungsten oxide nanowires are grown directly on tungsten wires and plates using thermal heating in an acetylene and nitrogen mixture. By heating the tungsten in nitrogen ambient, single crystal tungsten oxide nanowires can be synthesized via a self-assembly mechanism. It was found that the yield can be significantly in…
Thermo-optic coefficient dn / dT as well as volume expansion coefficients β of different polymer systems are measured for both TE and TM polarizations in an attenuated total reflection (ATR) configuration. Experimental results indicate that cross-linked polymer systems exhibit the thermal expansion coefficients smalle…
Abstract Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Characterization of [Au 12 (PPh) 2 (P 2 Ph 2 ) 2 (dppm) 4 Cl 2 ]Cl 2 The reaction of [(AuCl) 2 dppm] (dppm = Ph 2 PCH 2 PPh 2 ) with P(Ph)(SiMe 3 ) 2 in CHCl 3 results in the formation of [Au 12 (PPh) 2 (P 2 Ph 2 ) 2 (dppm) 4 Cl 2 ]Cl 2 ( 1 ), the crystal structu…
We report a novel electric field effect on angular dependent magnetotransport in quasi-one-dimensional layered conductors with a pair of sheetlike Fermi surfaces. Under tilted magnetic fields and additional interlayer electric fields, semiclassical electron orbits on two Fermi sheets become periodic at different magne…
Although cells live in three-dimensional environments which consist of neighboring cells and cells’ own extra-cellular matrices (ECMs), so far Cell Biology restricted itself to only two dimensions of Petri dishes. However, micromechanical strains on cell surfaces significantly differ on Petri dishes from that in ECMs.…