Materials Literature
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The structures of the Zn–O bonding in ZnO (0002) thin films prepared by metal organic chemical vapor deposition have been studied by reflective second harmonic generation (RSHG). The polar Zn–O bond on the top layer is not canceled out and presents 3mm symmetrical structures on the well-grown ZnO (0002) surface. The a…
This study employs a series of experimental nanoindentation tests and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate buckling instabilities of carbon nanotube probes. It is found that the buckling mechanism varies as a function of probe lengths and initial inclination angles. The experimental results show that longer n…
Carbon nanotube work functions can deviate from that of graphene due to geometric and structural factors. The authors have systematically investigated the work functions of various forms of small radius carbon nanotubes and their derivatives by density functional calculations. They considered and compared the work fun…
This letter demonstrates an alternative method to form gallium silicate glass ceramics using high-energy electron irradiation. Compared with glass ceramics obtained from the conventional thermal treatment method, the distribution and crystal sizes of the precipitated Ga2O3 nanoparticles are the same. An advantage of t…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Detailed diesel particulates morphology, nanostructures, fractal geometry, and nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) emissions were analyzed for five different test fuels in a 1.7-L, common-rail direct-injection diesel engine. The accurately formulated fuels permit the effe…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Due to its better fuel efficiency and low CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, the number of diesel engine vehicles is increasing worldwide. Since they have high Particulate Matter (PM) emissions, tighter emission regulations will be enforced in Europe, the US, and Japan over the…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">In recent years, emission regulations have become more stringent as a result of increased environmental awareness in each region of the world. For lean-burn diesel engines, since it is not possible to use three-way catalytic converters, reducing NO<sub>X</sub> emission…
Abstract The motivation of this work is to provide reliable and accurate modeling studies of the physical (surface, thermal, mechanical and gas diffusion) properties of chitosan (CS) polymer. Our computational efforts have been devoted to make a comparison of the structural bulk properties of CS with similar type of p…
Abstract An oxidized porous Si interferometer was used to measure binding of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to an immobilized protein A capture probe. Protein A was non‐covalently immobilized on a thermally oxidized porous Si (PSiO 2 ) sample and exposed to IgG originating from different species. The resulting order of IgG af…
The quantum chemical study presented here shows various aspects of the bonding of lanthanide (La 3+ , Gd 3+ ) and actinide (U 3+ , Am 3+ , Cm 3+ ) ions with N -heterocyclic ligands (polyazines, BTP: bis(1,2,4-triazinyl)-2,6-pyridine). Several families of complexes, differing by their coordination sphere, have been exa…
Using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the structure-directing agent, the high shape-selective synthesis of the gold regular octahedra with purity up to 90% has been realized in the water/PVP/n-pentanol system created to realize the specific selective adsorption of PVP on Au which directs Au to grow in the form of regul…
Response theory up to infinite order is combined with the explicitly correlated coupled-cluster singles and doubles model including linear-r(12) corrections, CCSD(R12). The additional terms introduced by the linear-r(12) contributions, not present in the conventional CCSD calculation, are derived and discussed with re…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">To reduce NOx and Particulate Matter (PM) emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine, the effects of urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems were studied. Proto type urea SCR system was composed of NO oxidation catalyst, SCR catalyst and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">An experimental and modeling study was conducted to study the passive regeneration of a catalyzed particulate filter (CPF) by the oxidation of particulate matter (PM) via thermal and Nitrogen dioxide/temperature-assisted means. Emissions data in the exhaust of a John Deere 6.8 lit…
Efficient Er excitation was observed in Er-doped silicon oxycarbide with strong room-temperature photoluminescence of ∼1540nm within a broad (460–600nm) band. Er PL power dependence modeling yielded an effective Er excitation cross section of approximately four orders of magnitude higher than direct Er excitation. PL…
Polylactic acid is a polymer of great technological interest, whose excellent mechanical properties, thermal plasticity, and bioresorbability render it potentially useful for environmental applications, as a biodegradable plastic and as a biocompatible material in biomedicine. This article discusses the synthesis and…
The authors studied the low-field magnetoresistance of Sm1−xSrxMnO3 (x=0.45) which was sintered at different elevated temperatures followed by fast cooling (thermal quenching). Near the metal insulator transition the magnetoresistance is dramatically enhanced while the magnitude and width of the resistive peak are sig…
Fluorescent nanotubes (CdS-LNT) with hollow cylindrical morphologies are prepared, where CdS nanodots (NDs) in a face-centered cubic phase of the zinc blende structure have grown all over the bilayer membrane walls of a lipid nanotube (LNT). The hollow cylinder of the CdS-ND-embedded LNT was found to be able to load t…
Exchange biaslike phenomenon is observed in the Ba doped perovskite polycrystalline LaCoO3. The magnetic hysteresis loop shifts in both horizontal and vertical directions at 5K when the samples are cooled down to 5K in a magnetic field. The nature of this magnetic anisotropy is ascribed to the freezing properties of t…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">It is likely that use of urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) will be needed to meet U.S. Tier 2 diesel emission standards for oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>). The ideal ratio of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) molecules to NO<sub>x</sub>…