Materials Literature
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Z -scan and pump-probe measurements with ultrafast, 800nm laser pulses were used to compare the ultrafast optical nonlinearities of VO2 nanoparticles and thin films in both semiconducting and metallic states. In the metallic state, both the nanocrystals and thin films exhibit a positive, intensity-dependent nonlinear…
ZnO single-crystal microtubes were fabricated using an encapsulated microwave growth method. The ZnO crystals are grown in hexagonal hollow tube form with a well faceted end and side surfaces, which have cross-sectional dimensions of 100to250μm, lengths of 3–5mm, and wall thickness of 1–2μm. Under optical excitation,…
Synthetic polymers are of increasing interest as therapeutic agents owing to their enhanced pharmacokinetic profiles relative to small molecule drugs. Multifunctional polymers are now being prepared that can ‘hide’ biologically active compounds, such as cytotoxic agents, therapeutic proteins or nucleic acids, until th…
Highly crystalline anatase nanoparticles of 5-20 nm in size were obtained by reacting titanium tetraisopropoxide with common ketones and aldehydes under solvothermal conditions.
Abstract Dendrimers, the aesthetically beautiful macromolecules displaying a variety of potentially useful architecture‐induced properties, are traditionally assembled in solution. However, since 1988, a number of dendritic structures have been assembled on insoluble organic and inorganic polymers, and thus dendronize…
We have found that laminates of longitudinally magnetized magnetostrictive TERFENOL-D layersand a longitudinally poled piezoelectric Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3-PbTiO3 crystal have a giant magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of >430mV∕Oe under a low magnetic bias. Under a resonant drive operation at a frequency of 82.1 kH…
Barium stannate titanate [Ba(SnxTi1−x)O3, x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4] ceramics were prepared using a conventional solid-state reaction process. Their dielectric properties were measured under direct current bias fields ranging from 0to2.5kV∕cm. A transformation from normal to relaxor ferroelectrics was observed when x⩾0…
We consider in this article the Cahn–Hilliard equation endowed with dynamic boundary conditions. By interpreting these boundary conditions as a parabolic equation on the boundary and by considering a regularized problem, we obtain, by the Leray–Schauder principle, the existence and uniqueness of solutions. We then con…
Using hard x-ray (HX; $h\ensuremath{\nu}=5.95\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{k}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$) synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy (PES), we study the intrinsic electronic structure of ${\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}}_{x}{\mathrm{M}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (LSMO) thin films. Compari…
We demonstrate a counterintuitive approach for improving exchange-spring magnets. Contrary to the general belief that the exchange–spring interface must be ideal and atomically coherent, we thermally process, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, epitaxial Sm–Co∕Fe thin-film bilayers to induce interfacial mixin…
We implement metallic layers of Si-doped (110) GaAs as modulation doping in high mobility p-type heterostructures, changing to p-growth conditions for the doping layer alone. The strongly auto-compensated doping is first characterized in bulk samples, identifying the metal-insulator transition density and confirming c…
We first report a detailed transmission electron microscopy study of dislocation networks (DNs) formed at shallowly buried interfaces obtained by bonding two GaAs crystals between which we establish in a controlled manner a twist and a tilt around a k110l direction. For large enough twists, the DN consists of a twodim…
The mechanisms limiting the spin coherence time of electrons are of great importance for spintronics. We present electron spin resonance (ESR) and transport measurements of six different two dimensional electron gases in silicon/silicon-germanium (Si/SiGe 2DEGs). The spin decoherence time $T_2^*$ is presented in conju…
We account for lateral orderings of III-V nanostructures resulting from a GaAs/InAs/InGaAs/GaAs sequence grown on GaAs by metallorganic vapour phase epitaxy at two different temperatures. For both samples, the ordering is induced by the stress field of a periodic dislocation network (DN) shallowly buried and parallel…
Microhardness measurements have been carried out on high purity Cu samples with average grain sizes ranging from ∼10 to ∼200nm, over temperatures from liquid nitrogen to ambient, and dwell-times of the indenter in the sample from 5 s to 39 h. The Vickers hardness diminishes approximately linearly with the logarithm of…
Strongly p-type ZnO is produced by the following sequence of steps: (1) evaporation of Zn3As2 on a fused-quartz substrate at 350°C; and (2) sputtering of ZnO with substrate held at 450°C. The electrical characteristics include: resistivity of 0.4Ωcm, a mobility of 4cm2∕Vs, and a hole concentration of about 4×1018cm−3.…
In this article we review recent work on the development and study of the properties of self-organising supermolecular and supramolecular materials, that are in size comparable to small proteins. We take the concept of the creation of dendritic liquid crystals, and apply it to the creation of new materials with single…
Silicon nanocrystals were in situ grown in a silicon nitride film by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The size and structure of silicon nanocrystals were confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Depending on the size, the photoluminescence of silicon nanocrystals can be tuned from the n…
Surfactant-free oil-in-water emulsions prepared with temperature and pH sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) microgel particles offer unprecedented control of emulsion stability.
Methods for quantifying environmentally induced decoherence in quantum systems are investigated. We formulate criteria for measuring the degree of decoherence and consider several representative examples, including a spin interacting with the modes of a bosonic, e.g., phonon, bath. We formulate an approach based on th…