Materials Literature
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The effect of adding R2O (R=Li, Na and K) or RO (R=Ba, Mg) on the viscosities of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 (CaO/SiO2=0.67, 1.00 or 1.22, Al2O3=20 mass%) melts has been measured by rotating crucible viscometer. In addition, structural characterizations of these quenched vitreous samples have been investigated by 27Al and 29Si MAS…
The North American market for biodegradable plastics in 2005 was estimated to be around 60 million pounds (27 kt). Starch-based polymer blends were expected to account for 30 million pounds (14 kt) with significantly lower growth rates than other biodegradable polymers such as polyesters. The main hurdle in the growth…
We report the preparation and luminescence enhancement of thioglycolic acid (TGA) stabilised CdTe quantum dots (QDs) for use as live cell imaging tools in THP-1 macrophage cells. Short irradiating times utilising a high powered Hg lamp resulted in increases in luminescence efficiencies of up to ∼40% and permit signifi…
We present an energy-based continuum model for the analysis of nanoscale materials where surface effects are expected to contribute significantly to the mechanical response. The approach adopts principles utilized in Cauchy–Born constitutive modelling in that the strain energy density of the continuum is derived from…
New urea containing gels have been used to prepare and stabilise gold nanoparticles by in situ reduction.
Stability and dissolution of platinum single-crystal surfaces were investigated with atomic force microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Both low-index surfaces and nanofaceted surfaces were investigated. A clear difference was observed between the large low-index surfaces and the nanofaceted sur…
An advanced hybrid electrochemical capacitor (HEC) has been proposed that uses a wide potential range at the positive electrode (cathode). The conventional HEC uses Li-dopable carbon as the negative electrode (anode) and activated carbon as the cathode, where the potential ranges from vs . In the advanced HEC, the pot…
Static and dynamic density functional calculations have been used to study the structure and energetics of water adsorbed on the main cleavage plane of ZnO. In the single molecule limit we find that molecular adsorption is strongly preferred. The water binding energy increases for higher coverages due to an almost iso…
We present the first demonstration of all optical wavelength conversion in chalcogenide glass fiber including system penalty measurements at 10 Gb/s. Our device is based on As2Se3 chalcogenide glass fiber which has the highest Kerr nonlinearity (n(2)) of any fiber to date for which either advanced all optical signal p…
This paper reports on recent progress in the synthesis of nanostructured siloxane-organic hybrids based on the self-assembly of amphiphilic silicon-based precursors. A variety of ordered hybrid materials have been obtained by molecular design of the precursors. Alkoxysilanes and chlorosilanes with covalently attached…
Microencapsulation provides a simple and cost-effective way to enclose bioactive materials, such as drugs and cells, within a semi-permeable polymeric membrane for the purpose of protecting the bioactive materials and releasing the enclosed substances or their products in a controlled fashion. This article presents an…
Bismuth subcarbonate ((BiO)2CO3) nanotubes with uniform diameters of about 3-5 nm were fabricated from bismuth citrate; these nanotubes exhibit antibacterial properties against Helicobacter pylori (50% inhibition at 10 microg mL(-1)), a bacterium causing peptic ulcers and gastritis.
A smart surface with wettability that can be switched between superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity has been realized on a transparent and conductive SnO2 nanorod film by the alternation of UV-irradiation and dark storage.
Nonemissive fulvenes can be induced to luminesce by aggregate formation, with the crystalline aggregates emitting bluer lights more intensely than their amorphous counterparts.
An ITO electrode was coated with a nanoporous TiO2 film, and the film was loaded with Au nanoparticles with different diameters (15, 40 and 100 nm). The electrode exhibited plasmon-induced photocurrents in the presence of Fe(2+/3+) couple under visible light (lambda > 420 nm). The quantum efficiency increased with inc…
Tripeptide with redox active chemical entities based smart organogels have been used for in situ formation and stabilization of gold and silver nanoparticles within the supramolecular gel networks and the gold nanoparticles are aligned in arrays along the gel nanofibers of peptide 1-toluene gels.
The properties of piezoelectric ceramics are enhanced by the development of crystallographic texture. One of the most convenient preparation methods for textured ceramics is the sintering of green compacts containing aligned anisometric particles. This review deals with the mechanisms of texture development by examini…
Selective catalytic reduction of NO by hydrocarbons (HC-SCR) is one of the promising technologies for removal of NO in exhausts containing excess oxygen, such as diesel and lean burn gasoline engines. Supported Ag catalysts, especially Ag/Al2O3, are thought to be the promising candidates for use in diesel exhausts, as…
The high level of protection required by personal protective clothing (PPC) severely impedes heat exchange by sweat evaporation. As a result work associated with wearing PPC, particularly in hot environments, implies considerable physiological strain and may render workers exhausted in a short time. Recent development…
-based proton conductors were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical techniques. Undoped showed overall conductivities greater than in the temperature range of . The proton transport numbers of this material…