Materials Literature
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A spectroscopic investigation of an extensive series of ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$-doped and ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}{,\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{b}}^{3+}$-codoped soda-lime-silicate (SL) and aluminosilicate (AS) glasses is presented. Compared to SL glasses, $4f$ transitions in AS glasses show higher oscillator strengths, larger inhomoge…
We have measured the thermal conductivity of seven germanium crystals with different isotopic compositions in the temperature range between 2 K and 300 K. These samples, including one made of highly enriched ${}^{70}\mathrm{Ge}(99.99%)$, show intrinsic behavior at room temperature with the exception of a $p$-type samp…
Human serum albumin (HSA) derivatized with cis-aconitic anhydride was covalently coupled to liposomes with a size of approximately 100 nm [polyaconitylated HSA (Aco-HSA) liposomes]. Within 30 min after injection into a rat, Aco-HSA liposomes were completely cleared from the blood and almost exclusively taken up by the…
We studied the rigidity percolation (RP) model for aperiodic (quasi-crystal) lattices. The RP thresholds (for bond dilution) were obtained for several aperiodic lattices via computer simulation using the "pebble game" algorithm. It was found that the (two rhombi) Penrose lattice is always floppy in view of the RP mode…
A catalyst has been synthesized comprising a manganese porphyrin carrying four beta-cyclodextrin groups. It catalyzes the hydroxylation of substrates of appropriate size carrying tert-butylphenyl groups that can hydrophobically bind into the cyclodextrin cavities. In one example as many as 650 catalytic turnovers are…
A comment is made on the large-cluster limit of the self-energy correction for the quasiparticle energy gap in silicon clusters presented by Serdar Ogut, James R. Chelikowsky and Steven G. Louie in Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1770 (1997).
Hydration forces are thought to result from the energetic cost of water rearrangement near macromolecular surfaces. Raman spectra, collected on the same collagen samples on which these forces were measured, reveal a continuous change in water hydrogen-bonding structure as a function of separation between collagen trip…
We present a novel organic crystal, 5-(methylthio)-thiophenecarboxaldehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone, with a large effective phase-matchable nonlinear optical coefficient, deff=29±3 pm/V at λ=1318 nm. Single crystals of dimensions up to 25×5×5 mm3 were grown. The large off-diagonal nonlinear optical coefficients can be e…
We report results on the activation field and frequency dependence of the coercive voltage in epitaxial ferroelectric thin film capacitors. Frequency dependent hysteresis loops and pulse width dependent polarization of epitaxial La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/(Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 capacitor structures were measured as a fun…
We report the observation of the influence of light polarization on the photocrystallization process and on the properties of crystallized films. Irradiation with linearly polarized He–Ne laser light results in the preparation of polycrystalline films with strong optical anisotropy (dichroism), the sign of which is de…
The deposition of thin alternating layers of Cu and Nb on Si(100) substrates has been studied by transmission electron microscopy as a function of layer thickness. For layer thickness above 25 Å, there is a strong texture orientation relationship with the close packed planes of fcc Cu parallel to close packed planes o…
Solid films of matrix-free, closely packed CdSe nanocrystals have been prepared and surface stabilized. An efficient suppression of nonradiative recombination channels is achieved. The absolute quantum efficiency has been determined spectrally resolved using an integrating sphere, and values between 1% and 10% are obt…
Muon spin relaxation has been used to probe the highly anisotropic motion of polaronic charge carriers in the emeraldine base form of polyaniline. The measured diffusion rate along the polymer chain for negative polarons shows a metalliclike temperature dependence, which is saturated at low temperatures but becomes li…
The pressure of the hard-sphere fluid was measured from near the equilibrium freezing density to the maximum density where the properties of the metastable fluid can be measured without it freezing or becoming glassy. Above the freezing density the measured pressures increase faster than the predictions of Padé approx…
Medieval and early Renaissance ... instruments were normally played in consorts or choruses of their own kind, in various pitches, the bass often being supplied by an instrument of a different character because of difficulty in constructing an effective instrument of the group in a sufficiently low pitch. This remaine…
We have used an optical pump-and-probe technique to measure the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity, κ(T), of isotopically pure Si. The sample was made from 99.7% Si28 by liquid phase epitaxy. Measurements were performed over the temperature range of 100–375 K. We found an increase in the thermal conduc…
Tree models for rigidity percolation are introduced and solved. A probability vector describes the propagation of rigidity outward from a rigid border. All components of this ``vector order parameter'' are singular at the same rigidity threshold, $p_c$. The infinite-cluster probability $P_{\infty}$ is usually first-or…
Ring torsion effects on optical excitation properties in poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) and polyaniline (PAN) are investigated by the intermediate exciton formalism. Long-range excitons are characterized, and the long-range component of the oscillator strengths is calculated. We find that ring torsions affect the long-ran…
We present the results of a molecular dynamics computer simulation study in which we investigate whether a supercooled Lennard-Jones liquid exhibits dynamical heterogeneities. We evaluate the non-Gaussian parameter for the self part of the van Hove correlation function and use it to identify ``mobile'' particles. We f…
It is shown that the VLEED, furnished with appropriate modelling approaches, is able to reveal comprehensive information about the details of a surface. Constructing Brillouin zones from the critical positions on the angular-resolved VLEED spectra yields information about valence bands and in-plane reconstruction of t…