Materials Literature
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Tapered optical fiber-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probes have emerged as promising miniaturized platforms for chemical and molecular sensing by integrating optical excitation, plasmonic enhancement, and Raman signal collection within a single fiber architecture. Their enhanced light–matter interacti…
This paper develops a geometric closure of the fourfold transformational cycle represented by the composite operator Ω = Ω4 ∘ Ω3 ∘ Ω2 ∘ Ω1 . An extended form of Buckminster Fuller’s Jitterbug transformation provides a geometric model for the earlier stages of the cycle but reaches its limit at the star tetrahedron (st…
Antimicrobial resistance motivates the development of approaches capable of probing nanoparticle-bacterium interactions with nanoscale sensitivity. Here, synchrotron infrared nano-spectroscopy (SINS) is applied to investigate interactions between carbohydrate-coated silica nanoparticles and the Gram-negative model bac…
Coronary artery bypass grafting remains the standard of care for complex coronary artery disease; however, outcomes are limited by failure or lack of suitable native vessels. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts have shown promise in peripheral applications, yet durable performance in coronary circulation remains unmet.…
Metal hydride based solid state hydrogen storage devices have garnered substantial interest owing to their potential in facilitating clean and efficient energy storage for various applications. However, effective thermal management remains a critical aspect influencing their performance and safety. This review compreh…
This paper introduces the concept of Molecular Causal Sufficiency (MCS), a theoretical framework designed to address the fundamental question of determining the minimum number of variables required to fully predict the future behavior of a chemical system. The core of the theory centers around the notion of a 'minimal…
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)–bentonite composite coatings combine a hydrophilic polymer with a naturally abundant clay mineral, offering potential advantages for modifying the physicochemical and film-forming characteristics of polymer–clay coatings. However, the combined influence of PVA–bentonite composition and total…
The concept of molecular scale closure proposes that a chemical theory valid at one scale should, under specific conditions, be capable of extending its explanatory power to smaller and larger scales. This paper introduces and formalizes the principle of molecular scale closure, defining it as the transition: [ L_i \r…
This research investigates the dynamics of molecular phase ordering, shifting the focus from identifying the final phase state to understanding the propagation of order from local to macroscopic scales. We explore how changes in local structure lead to alterations in intermediate-scale structures, ultimately influenci…
This paper introduces the concept of Chemical Phase Information Transition (CPIT), proposing a novel framework for understanding phase behavior beyond traditional structural considerations. CPIT posits that phase transitions are fundamentally driven by transitions in the information state of the system. This framework…
Abstract Nucleoside natural products exhibit diverse chemical architectures and potent biological activities, yet the biosynthetic strategies that generate their structural diversity remain incompletely understood. Here, we elucidate the early stage biosynthetic pathway of the cytidyl–cyclitol natural product K-563 an…
Abstract Albania generates almost all of its electricity from falling water and draws its fresh water from the same hydrological cycle. One input carries both, so a dry summer lowers the reservoirs and the taps together and forces electricity imports in the weeks when every neighbouring system is short of the same thi…
Abstract Manganese dioxide (MnO2) has attracted considerable interest owing to its low cost and high theoretical capacitance. However, its poor electrical conductivity and limited long-term cycling stability severely impede practical applications. To overcome these drawbacks, we fabricated MnO2/PANI/CDs ternary compos…
This paper proposes a novel approach to understanding chemical reaction scaling, moving beyond traditional empirical formulas. We introduce the concept of the Reaction Scaling Equation (RSE), a mathematically defined equation that governs scaling across diverse chemical systems. The RSE is not derived from experimenta…
Abstract Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) and their layer-stacked covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) offer modular, atomically precise platforms for organic optoelectronics, yet their photoconductive responses remain fundamentally constrained by strong excitonic effects and localized charge transport. Here, we demon…
The increasing demand for sustainable and environmentally synthesis routes has driven significant interest in biogenic precursors for nanomaterial fabrication. Among these, egg-derived materials—including eggshell, eggshell membrane (ESM), egg white, and egg yolk—have emerged as versatile, low-cost, and multifunctiona…
In FRET-based sensing, the interaction between the analytes and metal nanoparticles is significantly regulated by the physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, such as their shape, size, zeta potential, surface-linked ligands, doping, pH of the medium, particle surface roughness, and lattice structure (ato…
We propose a Deep Q-learning based multiobjective optimization of metasurfaces using Reinforcement Learning and optimized a Si-nano-split-ring with a quality factor of 156,400, sensitivity of 400 nm/RIU, and figure-of-merit of 40,000/RIU suitable for sensing applications.
This paper explores the concept of Chemical Universality Classes (CUCs), drawing parallels with statistical physics and the identification of universal classes of phenomena. The central argument posits that all chemical reactions, regardless of their specific microscopic details, can be categorized into a finite numbe…
This paper introduces the concept of Atomic Relationship Conservation (ARC), a refined approach to chemical reaction analysis that extends beyond the traditional principle of mass conservation. While mass conservation (∑mproducts = ∑mreactants) provides a fundamental constraint, it fails to capture the intricate struc…